Why are big, fierce animals rare?

ProducerPrimary

ConsumerSecondaryConsumer

Plant Herbivore Carnivore

Dead matter

Detritivore Carnivore

Producers

Secondary Consumers

Primary Consumers

Grass

Rabbit

Fox

Dead leavesOak leaves

Mouse

A Food Web…

Worm

Owl

Calculate…

The photosynthetic efficiency.

Gross primary production.

Net primary production.

Percentage transfer to food chains.

Why are big, fierce animals rare?

Autotrophic

Use inorganic carbon to produce complex biomolecules.

Photoautotrophic

Chemoautotrophic

Producers in communities.

Heterotrophic

Use organic carbon to produce complex biomolecules.

Herbivore

Carnivore

Detritivore

Saprophyte

Parasite

Symbiont

Consumers in communities

Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll which..

Is oxidised and the electrons pass between proteins in the thylakoid membranes,

Generating ATP and…

Reducing NADP while…

Photolysis of water supplies H ions and electrons to replace the ones lost from chlorophyll.

Ribulose bi-phosphate reacts with carbon dioxide…

To make GP which is reduced by NADP and ATP…

To produce a carbohydrate – triose phosphate which…

May be converted to other carbohydrates or…

Used to regenerate ribulose bi-phosphate (needing some ATP).

Glucose is phosphorylated with ATP and…

Splits into a 3C sugar which…

Is oxidised to Pyruvic acid…

Reducing NAD and generating…

Some ATP.

This is in cytoplasm.

The pyruvate loses a C as carbon dioxide and…

Reacts with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A which…

Enters the mitochondria and react with a 4C intermediate to…

Form a 6C acid which is oxidised in a series of steps until the 4C intermediate is remade…

This produces reduced NAD, FAD and some ATP.

The reduced coenzymes are oxidised by…

Electron transport proteins in the cristae which…

Pass the electrons along a chain and generating…

Lots of ATP until…

The H ions and electrons are picked up by oxygen producing water.