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Wilson Patton and Will DowneyReligion and Reform from 1815 to 1858 in America
Temperance Is the moderation or self-restraint in action or
statement. In this case, it is mostly the moderation and self-
control when dealing with alcohol. The people in this movement were against
alcohol because husbands were being abusive to their wife and kids.
The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance
The AST was established in 1826 in Boston, MA. Within five years there were 170,000 members
and within ten years there were 1,500,000 members.
This society contributed to promoting the abolition of slavery and expanding women’s rights.
The ATS was the first U.S. social movement organization to mobilize massive and national support for a specific reform cause.
Lyman Beecher Was the first great practitioner of the new
evangelical Calvinism. He helped promote a series of revivals in the Congregational churches of New England.
He was a very controversial person. He was a huge leader in the moral movement of temperance. One of his famous quotes is: ““No great advance has been made in science, politics, or religion without controversy.”
Catherine BeecherCatharine Beecher was a nineteenth century
proponent of women's rights and education for women
Created the Hartford Female Seminary, making it one of the first major educational institutions for women in the U.S.
This helped promote women to play a bigger role in society.
Religious Tensions The Protestants and the Catholics had very
different backgrounds and beliefs.The Protestants, who were in favor of the
Temperance movement, were aggravated by the Catholics, most of whom were Irish, that drank.. This, along with having to move in and live with each other, was the main reason that they had so many tensions.
Immigration in GeneralFrom 1820-1860 the U.S. population grew from 10
million to 31 million. The population figure in 1850’s was 2.3 million. These Included people from many different
backgrounds.The majority of the Catholics migrated from
Ireland.The majority of the Protestants migrated from
Scotland.
Second Great Awakening Began around 1800 Denominations
Methodist Baptist Presbyterian Lutheran Unitarian Deism
Subjects of Social Reform Abolition Temperance The Cult of Domesticity Utopian Communities
search.creativecommons.org/
Second Great Awakening: Beliefs and Ideals
“Ever since Constantine the Great had made Christianity the established religion of Roman Empire, the… Now, the Americans undertook to experiment with their separation: Religion would be purely voluntary” (Howe 165)
Contradict the Established Church People can achieve salvation through faith and conversion (no
predestination) God loves all equally- no hierarchy on God’s eyes All human spirits are equal
Evangelism Every convert is told to go and preach to family and friends,
spreading the new ideals
Second Great Awakening: People and Events
Camp meetings Spontaneous, emotional meeting Allowed many people, especially in the rural South, to get
married, baptized, or have a highly spiritual experience without having to travel far (it was hard to keep a local church running with an ordained minister)
Circuit Rider Preachers sent out by Methodist in the hopes of preaching to
rural communitiesBurned Over District
Rochester NY the heart Filled to the brim with revivals
Credit: http://www.gcah.org/site/c.ghKJI0PHIoE/b.4980699/
Second Great Awakening: People and Events
Charles Finney Presbyterian evangelist“Finney broke with his church’s traditional belief
that it was God’s inscrutable will that decided who would be saved” (Brands 317)
Most successful in Rochester, New YorkStarted “inquiry room”- a special place for people
coming to ChristStarted “anxious bench”- place for those who to
talk about struggles of conversion
Charles Finney:
Source: http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Charles_Grandison_Finney
Second Great Awakening: People and Events
Lyman Beecher (mentioned later is slide show)Preached that God’s love is universal and the
Christ saves not matter class, race, nation, or sex Made a point of separation of church and state
helping religion; “By voluntary efforts, societies, missions, and revivals they (ministers) exert a deeper influence than ever they could by ques, and shoe-buckles, and cocked hats , and gold headed canes” (Howe 165)
Involved in abolition, temperance, and mostly anything considered a social sin
Abolitionism“By stressing the moral imperative to end sinful
practices and each person's responsibility to uphold God's will in society, preachers like Lyman Beecher, Nathaniel Taylor, and Charles G. Finney…led massive religious revivals in the 1820s that gave a major impetus to the later emergence of abolitionism” (Abolitionist Movement)
InspirationThe movement for equality in race, nationality, and
gender lead to the inspiration of many like William Lloyd Garrison who begin to lobby for the immediate end of slavery, “immediate emancipation”
African American Revival
Source: http://www.wolfkiller.net/Abolitionists/index.htm
Abolition: A Few of the Important Figures
William Lloyd Garrison Started The Liberator, a newspaper focusing on issues of slavery and largely
supported by free blacks Fredrick Douglass
One time fugitive slave who became ardent abolitionist in 1840s Wrote autobiography while also giving many orations about the moral
injustices of slavery American Anti-Slavery Society
Founded by people of both races and genders Stated that slavery was a moral wrong that needed to be abolished
immediately but non-violently Disagreed on gradual vs. immediate abolition with American Colonization
Society American Colonization Society
Lobbied for African American emigration and elective, gradual emancipation
BibliographyBrands, et al. American Stories. Upper Saddle RIver:
Pearson Education, 2009. Print.
"Abolitionist Movement." Afgen. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2010. <http://afgen.com/abmovement.html>.
AP United States History 2007 Scoring Guideliens. N.p.: The College Board, 2007. N. pag. Print.
Howe, Daniel Walker. What Hath God Wrought. New York City: Oxford University Press, 2007. MyiLibrary. Web. 11 Nov. 2010. <http://lib.myilibrary.com/ Open.aspx?id=227069&src=2>.