Post on 21-Jun-2020
transcript
• LEARNING TARGETS: LOCAL AND GLOBAL WIND
Wind
The horizontal movement of air due to...1. Temperature Differences2. Pressure Differences
Warm airrises andcold airsinks.TemperatureDifferences
High and lowpressure liketo balanceout.PressureDifferences
The cooler air movesinto to take the placeof warmer air.
The cooler air movesinto to take the placeof warmer air.
More DenseMore Dense
Higher Air PressureHigher Air Pressure
Molecules moveslower and get closertogether.
Molecules moveslower and get closertogether.
Colder Air SinksColder Air SinksLess DenseLess Dense
Molecules move Fasterand get farther apart.Molecules move Fasterand get farther apart.
Warmer Air RisesWarmer Air Rises
Less Air PressureLess Air Pressure
WINDS ARE NAMED FROM WHERE THEY COME FROM!
1. Temperature difference = rising/sinking air.2. Rising/sinking air = pressure difference.
3. Pressure likes to balance out = WIND !!!
SEA BREEZE Mountain BREEZE PrevailingWesterlies
NE TradeWinds
PolarEasterliesLand BREEZE Valley BREEZE
LOCALIZED WINDSLOCALIZED WINDS GLOBAL WINDSGLOBAL WINDS
Wind Trends
• Air Rises
Low Pressure
• Air Sinks
HighPressure
Pressure• Always flows from a higher pressure to a lower
pressure.
Wind Trends
Always flows from a colder temperature to a warmertemperature
TEMPERATURE
Where does this occur?
Wind current on a…1. global scale.2. Local scale
Sea Breeze
• Daytime• Land heats faster than water
throughout the day.• Air Above Land is warmer than air
above water• Colder – Higher Pressure air
displaces warmer – Lower Pressureair over land.
• Breeze is felt off body of water.
Land Breeze
• Night• Land looses heat quicker than water
at night.• Air above land is cooler than air
above water.• Colder – Higher Pressure over land
displaces warmer – Lower Pressureover water.
• Breeze is felt from off land.
Sea Breeze
Wind blows from Sea to Land.
Land Breeze
Wind blows from Land to Sea.
Valley Breeze
• Daytime• The shape of the land heats valley
faster than sides of Mountain dueto the striking angle of the sun.
• The colder air – High pressure justabove valley floor displaceswarmer air (Lower Pressure)making the warmer air rise up thesides of the mountain.
• Breeze is felt coming up theMountain.
Mountain Breeze
• Night• The shape of the land develops this
breeze.• Air cools off during the night inside
and down the mountain.• Colder (H) displaces the warmer (L)
air allowing the warmer air to riseinside the center of the valley.
• Breeze is felt coming downmountain.
Global Temperature Patterns
• Wind currents thatdevelop on a GLOBALSCALE
• Still a result oftemperature andpressure differences.
Global Winds
HadleyCells. • Air moves
between thewarm equatorand the coldpoles.
GlobalWinds
Global Temperature Patterns
The sun’s rays are stronger nearthe equator causing morewarming. The air here is warm.
The sun’s rays are weakernear the equator causing lesswarming. The air here is cool.
So Air tries to move between the poles from a high to low pressure = Global Winds
The Coriolis Effect
• Air does notmove in astraight linebecause ofEarth’s rotation.
CoriolisEffect
Earth spin makes the wind curveinstead of traveling in a straight line.
Curve to the RIGHT in theNORTHERN HEMISPHERE.
Curve to the LEFT in theSOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.
Global Winds
LOW PRESSURE
HIGH PRESSURE LOW PRESSURE
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
HIGH PRESSURE LOW PRESSURE
HIGH PRESSURE
NorthernHemisphere
SouthernHemisphere
Global Winds
60°S
30°S
0°
30°N
60°N
Prevailing Westerlies- From 30°N to60°N- Deflected to right
Easterly Trade Winds- From 30°N to O°- Deflected to right
Polar Easterlies- From 90°N to60°N- Deflected to right
Polar Easterlies- From 90°N to60°N- Deflected to right
Easterly Trade Winds- From 30°S to 0°- Deflected to left
Prevailing Westerlies- From 30°S to60°S- Deflected to left
Polar Easterlies- From 90°S to60°S- Deflected to left
Doldrums
Remember, winds arenamed from wherethey come.