Post on 25-Dec-2015
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World wide explosion of mobile dataSource: Cisco VNI mobile 2012
• Global mobile data traffic grew 2.3-fold in 2011, more than doubled for the 4th year in a row.
• In 2011 mobile data traffic = 8x size of the entire global Internet in 2000
• In 2011 mobile network connection speeds grew 66 percent
• In 2011, 4G connections ~ 0.2% but responsible for 6% of mobile traffic
• Smartphones = 12% of global handsets (in NL: > 50%) but responsible for 82% global handset traffic
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Mobile data in the Netherlands
• 16,5 million inhabitants; 22 million mobile subscribers• Currently: 3 mobile operators: KPN, Vodafone, T-mobile• LTE frequencies
• May 2010: 2,6 Ghz, 5 companies• Dutch regulator favors competition: privileges for
new mobile operators• New frequency auctions
in October 2012: 800Mhz, 1800 Mhz, 2100 Mhz, 2600 Mhz
• The Dutch send ~ 4.5 MBmobile traffic per personper day (32TB/day in total)
Data hungry devices
Basic phone 4.3 MB/month
Smart phone 150 MB/month
Laptop 2.1 GB/month
= 35x
= 1x
= 120x= 488x
Tablet 517 MB/month
Source: Cisco VNI mobile 2012
SURFnet’s public mobile ambitions
• Towards mobile privileges for people @ higher education and research institutes
• Towards a solution applicable to several mobile operators
• Towards a solution that can be applied to all education and research centers
• Complementary to Wi-Fi connectivity
• Start with data only. Voice may follow …
• High-level approach: make use of existing assets - Network for off-loading mobile traffic
- Authentication infrastructure for identifying members of the community
Status of our 4G pilot
• Aim at covering the complete value chain: mobile operator- SURFnet – use cases at institutions
• Agreement with KPN signed (October 2011)
• LTE antenna’s & equipment placed at Utrecht science park (December 2011)
• LTE network operational: end of April 2012
• Agreement with LG for delivery of 4G-enabled devices: start with 30 LTE-optimus devices
• Various use cases at various institutions
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Many questions addressed in the 4G pilot
• What is the added value of a fully 4G coverage on the campus for educational purposes?
• How does it stimulate the new working and learning? Which applications can be used now, that couldn’t be used before? Does it enable better cooperation among students and teachers? What new educational developments does it start?
• Is the 4G service comparable with the eduroam (Wi-Fi) service and can we provide “seamless roaming”?
• How should the eduroam/3/4G infrastructures best be integrated?
• What are the characteristics of IPv6 on 4G
• Can we use the smart card for access to federated service?
• …..
LTE frequencies
Band Uplink [Mhz] Downlink[Mhz] Country1 1920 - 1980 2110 - 2170 Japan, Europe, Asia2 1850 - 1910 1930 - 1990 Can, USA, Latin America3 1710 - 1785 1805 - 1880 Finland, Germany4 1710 - 1755 2110 - 2155 Canada, USA, Latin America5 824 - 849 869 - 894 Canada, USA, Latin America,
Australia, South Korea6 830 - 840 875 - 885 Japan7 2500 - 2570 2620 - 2690 EU, Latin America, South-Korea,
Canada8 880 - 915 925 - 960 EU, Latin America9 1749.9 - 1784.9 1844.9 - 1879.9 Japan10 1710 - 1770 2110 - 2170 Uruguay, Ecuador, Peru11 1427.9 - 1447.9 1475.9 - 1495.9 Japan 12 699 - 716 729 - 746 USA13 776 - 787 746 - 757 USA (Verizon)14 788 - 798 758 - 768 USA17 704 - 716 734 - 746 USA (AT&T)18 815 - 830 860 - 875 USA (Sprint)19 830 - 845 875 - 890
20 832 - 862 791 - 821 EU21 1447.9 - 1462.9 1495.9 - 1510.9
22 3410 - 3490 3510 - 3590
2000 - 2020 2180 - 2200
23 1626.5 - 1660.5 1525 - 1559 24 1850 - 1915 1930 - 1995 25 1920 - 1980 2110 - 2170 14
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4 generations of mobile phone designs
1983: 1G
Motorola “The Brick”
1992: 2G
GSM goesglobal
2005: 3G
UMTS smart phone
2013: 4G?
LTE “hedgehog”5 carriers8x8 + 4x4 MIMO
SURFnet’s LTE building blocks
1. Institutional traffic- Transparent tunnel from KPN to the institution
2. Generic traffic- SURFnet routes traffic to destination, on behalf of institution
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Access via eduroamVisiting users
RADIUS server
Institute B
RADIUS server
Institute A
SURFnet
Central RADIUS
Proxy server
Authenticator
(AP of switch) User DB
User DB
Supplicant
Guest
piet@institute_B.nl
StudentVLAN
otherVLAN
employeesVLAN
data
signalering
• Trust based on RADIUS supported by policy documents
• 802.1X
• (VLAN assignment)
Secured tunnel
Access via LTEInstitutional traffic
RADIUS server
Institute A
Authenticator
@institute A User DB
Supplicant
piet@uni_a.nl
data
signalering
• LTE used as access network
• making use of institute credentials
• Assignment policy equal to eduroam
LTE
StudentVLAN
otherVLAN
employeesVLAN
SURFnet
Access via LTEGeneral traffic
RADIUS server
Institute B
RADIUS server
Proxy server
Authenticator
@SURFnet
User DB
Supplicant
Guest
piet@institute_B.nl
data
signalering
• Trust based on RADIUS supported by policy documents
• SURFnet routes traffic to the interneton behalf of institute B
LTE
SURFnet
Secured tunnel
Internet
eduroam vs 4G eduroamOverview
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NREN
Visitinginstitute
AAA proxyAAA AAA
User DB
Internet
homeinstitute
eduroam
NREN
Mobileoperator
AAA AAA
User DB
Internet
homeinstitute
4G generictraffic
NREN
Mobileoperator
AAA
User DB
Internet
homeinstitute
4G institu-tional traffic
AAA proxy
Two network building blocks
Institutional traffic Generic traffic
LTE can be regarded similarly as local Wi-Fi traffic
Web access through mobile devices
Allows integration with unified communication (voice, e-mail,…)
No unnecessary traffic to institution
Allows monitoring of service level agreements
Suitable for mass contracts
Fits well within the SURFnet 7 approach
Mainly internet access
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Next steps….
• Design document, reflecting technical solution
• Implement both solutions & evaluate trough trials with institutes
• Towards a validated technical blue print
• Towards a sustained business case: who’s paying whom?
• Incorporating other operators
• Expanding with another campus
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