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Wood for Furniture
20th Floor, MTC Boardroom
13 July 2015
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Contents
1. MTC – Background
2. The Malaysian Timber/Furniture Industry
3. Timber & Timber Products for Furniture
4. Q&A
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MTC - Background
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Background - MTC
• Established in 1992; company limited by guarantee under
Companies Act 1965.
• Vision: To be the lead organisation in developing the Malaysian
timber industry into a world leader in the manufacture and trade
of timber products.
• Mission: To ensure the sustainability of the Malaysian timber
industry by improving its competitiveness, enhancing market
access and creating trade opportunities.
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MTC - Objectives
• To promote the Malaysian timber trade and develop the
market for timber products globally;
• To promote the development of the timber industry by
expanding the industry’s manufacturing technology base,
increasing value-adding in production and increasing the pool
of knowledge workers;
• To augment the supply of raw materials for the timber-
processing industry;
• To provide information services to the timber industry;
• To protect and improve the Malaysian timber industry’s global
image.
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The Malaysian Timber/Furniture
Industry
Exports of Malaysian Timber Products by
Regions (2012–2014) 2012 : RM20.2 billion
2013 : RM19.5 billion
2014 : RM20.5 billion
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2012 2013 2014
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Malaysia: Export of Major Timber Products
2014 Logs
RM2,073 million
10%
Sawntimber
RM2,545 million
12%
Plywood
RM5,200 million
25%
Veneer
RM304 million
2%Mouldings
RM711 million
3%
Chipboard/
Particleboard
RM108 million
1%
Fiberboard
RM995 million
5%
Wooden Frame
RM124 million
1%
BCJ
RM1,000 million
5%
Wooden Furniture
RM6,328 million
31%
[CATEGORY NAME]
[VALUE]
1%
Other Products
RM870 million
4%
(Total: RM20.5 billion )
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Malaysia: Top 10 Markets for Timber
Products 2014
Japan
RM4,155 million
20%
USA
RM2,423 million
12%
India
RM1,771 million
9%
Taiwan
RM988 million
5%Singapore
RM947 million
4%
South Korea
RM954 million
5%
Australia
RM905 million
4%
China
RM788 million
4%
UK
RM758 million
4%
Others
RM6,830 million
33%
(Total: RM20.5 billion)
Malaysia: Top 10 Markets for Wooden
Furniture 2014
USA
RM 1,978 million
31%
Australia
RM 433 million
7%
Others
RM 1,800 million
29%
Japan
RM 565 million
9%
Singapore
RM 351 million
6%
United Kingdom
RM 321 million
5%
Canada
RM 263 million
4%
UAE
RM 216 million
3%
Saudi Arabia
RM 145 million
2%
India
RM 137 million
2%
Korea, Republic of
RM 114 million
2%
(Total: RM 6.3 billion)
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Timber & Timber Products for
Furniture
Designing Furniture
Market
Gender
Age
Country
Function
Price
Material
TIMBER
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Designing Furniture with Malaysian
Timber Products
material
manufacturing process
tools
Materials
Solid Wood PlywoodMDF
ParticleboardLVL Laminated Board
Types of Timbers
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Heavy hardwood
• Balau
• Chengal
• Merbau
• Red balau
Medium Hardwood
• Kasai
• Kelat
• Keledang
• Kempas
• Keruing
• Mengkulang
• Merpauh
Light Hardwood
• Bintangor
• Dark Red Meranti
• Gerutu
• Kembang semangkok
• Mersawa
• Nyatoh
• Rubberwood
• Sepetir
• Yellow Meranti
Softwood
• Podo
• Damar Minyak
• Pine
• Cedar
• Douglas
• Cypress
• Hemlock
• Spruce
Common Timbers for Furniture
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Rubberwood
•Pale cream in colour
•Moderately coarse texture with straight to shallowly interlocked grain
•Planes easily with smooth finishing
•Consistent supply
Nyatoh
•Deep pink-red colour or red-brown with stripe
•Moderately fine to slightly coarse texture
•Interlocked or wavy grain
•Easy to saw and work with
Sepetir
•Light grey-brown or beige with pink tinge
•Moderately fine texture
•Straight or interlocked grain
•Difficult to resaw but easy to plane and produce a smooth surface
Kembang semangkok
•Yellow-brown or light brown
•Slightly coarse and uneven texture
•Straight or interlocked grain
•Easy to work and plane
Dark red meranti
•Medium red to deep red or deep red-brown
•Interlocked grain
•Moderately coarse but even texture
•Easy to saw and to work with and produces smooth planed surface
•Large dimensional movement
Common Timbers for Furniture
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Walnut
•Dark chocolate-brown to purplish-black
•Straight or irregular grains
Rosewood
•Most well-known timber in the world
•Medium orange to dark reddish brown
•Sometimes with darker black streaks
Teak
•Golden or medium brown, with colour darkening with age
•Raw or unfinished wood have slightly oily or greasy surface
•Easy to work
Oak
•White oak and red oak
•White oak has better stability
•Nice figure – appearance of large rays
Cherry
•Reddish timber
•Clear defined stripe figure
•Fine texture and finishes well
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SOLID WOOD
SOLID WOOD
Criteria in choosing suitable solid wood for furniture:-
1) Good woodworking properties
Ease of Planing
Quality of Finishing
Ease of Boring
Ease of Turning
Quality of Nailing
Ease of Treatability
SOLID WOOD
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2) Colors range:-
- wide range of colors available
- finishing can help establish different colors as desired
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Colours
Bintangor Dark red meranti NyatohRubberwood
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3) Variety of grain pattern depending on the cutting direction to enhance
design
4) Dimensional stability
Shrinks – 0.6 – 5.5 % in dimension
Oak flat sawn Oak quarter sawn Oak end grain
Other properties
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COMPOSITE WOOD
PlywoodMDF
Particleboard
Laminated board
LVL
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Plywood
Thickness Surface Shape
• 3mm – 35mm • Veneer
• Paper laminate
• Not easy to
bend
• Form
bending
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Particleboard
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Particleboard
Thickness Surface Shape
• 9mm – 36mm • Plastic laminate
• Not suitable with
veneer
• Unable to bend
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Medium Density Fiber Board (MDF)
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Medium Density Fiber Board (MDF)
Thickness Surface Shape
• 6mm – 25mm • High-end paints
• Veneer• Unable to
bend
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Medium Density Fiber Board (MDF)
heavy straight
porous swells
fasterners
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Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
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thickness surface shape
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
• Any desired width
and thickness• Its own surface
• Finishing or
staining
• Veneer
• Easy to bend or
curved
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• ‘Almost-like’ solid wood with smooth surface
• Can be engineered to meet specified technical and
strength requirements
• It can be dimensioned into any desired width and
thickness
• Possibility of curved laminated parts
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
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Laminated Board
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• Pieces of solid wood glued together
• Can be dimensioned to any desired width and
thickness
• Suitable for table tops
Laminated Board
Furniture Manufacturing Process
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Selection of raw
material
Cutting to shape &
jointsDrilling Sanding Assembly Finishing
Packaging and
shipping
Selection of Raw Material
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type of material & quality
appearance
cost
Cutting to Shape & Joints
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•Cut to width
•Cut to length
•Surface planing
TYPES OF CUTTING
• Dovetails
• Butt joint
• Tongue and groove
• Mortise & tenon
• Rabbet
• Dadoes
• Finger-joint
TYPES OF JOINTS
• Strength
• Appearance
• Construction
SELECTING RIGHT JOINTS
Drilling, Sanding & Assembly
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DRILLING
• To make holes for dowel joints, for decoration purpose and to fasten wood with screws
SANDING
• Smooth the surface of wood prior to finishing
• Using stationary or portable sanding machine
ASSEMBLY
• Assemble accordingly with each parts and joints
Finishing & Packaging
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• Protection – how and where the furniture will be used (e.g: table top must be protected against spills and bumps)
• Appearance – can create almost any appearance
• Clear finish to highlight the wood grain
• Paint and enamel can cover up unattractive surface
• Stains and bleaches to make the wood lighter or darker
• Varnish to make the surface shiny
• Application – Some finishes applied quickly and simply while some are more difficult and more time consuming.
FINISHES SELECTION
• Use robust material that can protect the furniture from any damage
PACKAGING
Tools
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Tablesaw – crosscuts, ripping, cutting several types of joint
Bandsaw – crosscuts, ripping, resaw
Router – cut joints and decorative shapes
Carving tools – to do shaping and decorative designs
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MTC – Other Things That We Do
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Project: MTC Glulam Bridge in Putrajaya
� Span – 40m; Width – 3m
� Super structure – Mengkulang Glulam
� Cost: RM1.789 million
� Developer: myGlam Sdn. Bhd.
� Engineering detail : SWECO, Norway
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Project: Fire Performance Test
Current progress
� 5 species were tested for charring rate
� DRM
� Mengkulang
� Damar Hitam
� Merpauh
� Kapur
� Mengkulang shows the lowest charring rate of
0.50 mm/min
� A full size beam will be sent to BRANZ, New
Zealand for a full fire test
Fire Performance Test
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Timber-Related Projects
Timber Frame Housing
Current progress
� Ministry of Housing (KPKT) is
looking into using timber frame
system for some of their housing
projects
� A meeting between MTC and KPKT
to be scheduled soon
Developing a Span Table for Mengkulang Glulam
Current progress
� Testing done by UiTM’s Faculty of
Engineering
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MTC Website
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MTC Wood Wizard
Technical properties and applications of a comprehensive
list of Malaysian timbers
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Species Guide
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Projects
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MTC Technical Guidebooks
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Visit us at Archidex Fair (12 – 15 Aug 2015)
Hall 6, Booth Number 6D 702
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