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Institute of Chemical Engineering page 1Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning
hermann.hofbauer@tuwien.ac.at
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 2Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning
Content
• Working group Gasification and Gas Cleaning
• Dual fluidised bed gasification fundamentals
• Design development
• Industrial application
• Catalytic tar removal
• Contacts
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 3Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
The GGC team focuses on projects from the energy technology sector with a
specification on gasification technologies as well as catalytic tar removal from
producer gas originating from thermo-chemical hydrocarbon conversion
processes.
Mission: Development of fuel flexible, high efficient gasification technologies for
the production of high quality syngas.
Research topics:
• Dual fluidized bed steam gasification of biomass, coal, waste materials
• Producer gas adaptation by catalytically active bed material
• Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons in secondary fixed bed units
• Development of a new gasification process based on the dual fluidized bed process
• Pressurized gasification
Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 4Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Biomass Steam Gasification
Syngas
Electricity
Fuels
Heating/ Cooling
Thermal Gasification, Biomass
combined heat and power plant
in Guessing, Austria
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 5Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
DFB Gasification – Principle of the process I
Steam Air
Biomass
Gasification
(~ 850 °C)
Combustion
(~ 920 °C)
Producer Gas
(CH4, CO, H2, CO2, H2O)Flue gas
Circulation
(bed material,
char coal)
Heat
Fuel to
combustion
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 6Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
DFB Gasification – Principle of the process I
Steam Air
Biomass
Circulation
(bed material,
char coal)
Heat
Fuel to
combustion
CaCO3
CaO
Producer gas
(H2-rich)
Flue gas
(+CO2)
Gasification
+absorption
600…700°C 850…900°C
Combustion
+desorption
Dual fluidised bed steam gasification of solid biomass coupled with CO2 capture
CaO + CO2 ↔ CaCO3
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 7Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
DFB Gasification – Principle of the process II
Typical producer gas composition
Component Unit Conventional process SER process*
H2 vol.-%db 36 … 42 55 … 70
CO vol.-%db 19 … 24 5 … 11
CO2 vol.-%db 20 … 25 7 … 20
CH4 vol.-%db 9 … 12 8 … 13
C2H4 vol.-%db 2.0 … 2.6 1.4 … 1.8
C2H6 vol.-%db 1.3 … 1.8 0.3 … 0.6
C3-Fract. vol.-%db 0.3 … 0.6 0.3 … 1.0
Tar g/Nm³db 4 … 8 0.3 … 0.9
Dust g/Nm³db 10 … 20 20 … 50
H2O vol.-% 30 … 45 50 … 60
Fuel wood pellets wood pellets
Bed material Olivine Calcite
* SER: Sorption enhanced reforming
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 8Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Design development I
1993-1996, „FICFB* gasifier“
* Fast Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 9Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Design development II
1999-2003 2004-now
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 10Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Investigations on a novel
fluidized bed concept
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Advanced DUAL FLUID gasifier
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 11Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Details of the countercurrent gasification reactor
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Advanced DUAL FLUID gasifier
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 12Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Industrial application
Güssing, Austria
in operation since 2002
8.0 MWth, 2.0 Mwel
gas engine
Oberwart, Austria
in operation since 2008
8.5 MWth, 2.8 Mwel
gas engine, organic rankie cycle (ORC)
Plants under commissioning: Villach, Austria - 15 MWth, 3.7 Mwel, gas engine
Klagenfurt, Austria - 25 MWth, 5.5 Mwel, gas engine, ORC
Ulm, Germany - 15 MWth, 5.3 Mwel, gas engine, ORC
Plants in planning: Gothenborg, Sweden - 30 MWth, 20 Mwel, Synthetic
Natural Gas (SNG) production of 67%
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 13Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Catalytic tar removal
Photographer Hans Ringhofer
Test rig
• 2 stage reformer
• 4 & 4 honeycomb catalysts
• 100 Nm³/h
• ~ 900°C
• Atmospheric pressure
Aims:
• Long term tests of catalytic gas cleaning with
real product gas from an industrial DFB-steam
gasifier (Güssing)
• To find selective catalysts for reforming
hydrocarbons - except Methane => BioSNG
• To find selective catalysts for reforming
hydrocarbons - especially Methane => Fischer-
Tropsch
• To find best process parameters regarding
lifetime and reforming potential of the catalysts.
Institute of Chemical Engineering page 14Achema 2012
Chemical Process Engineering
Further information
Links:
http://www.vt.tuwien.ac.at
http://www.vt.tuwien.ac.at/chemische_verfahrenstechnik_und_wirbelschichttechnik/gasification_and_gas_cleaning/
Contact:
Univ.Prof. Dr. Hermann HOFBAUER
Email: hermann.hofbauer@tuwien.ac.at
Tel.: +43 1 58801 166300