Post on 17-Oct-2019
transcript
World Meteorological OrganizationWorld Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and waterWorking together in weather, climate and water
Climate and Ocean Adaptation
WMO
M.V.K. SivakumarDirector
Climate Prediction and Adaptation Branch
WMO: Climate and Water www.wmo.int
Climatic Drivers of Marine Biogeochemistry
• Atmospheric CO2
• Temperature
• Circulation• Circulation• (Advection & Mixing)
• Light Supply
• Dust Deposition
• Rivers Input …
Threats to Ocean Ecosystems due to Climate Change
• Ocean ecosystems are threatened by changes to the environment associated with increased emissions of greenhouse gases, including
– higher water temperatures,
– increases in ocean acidification
– changes in storm surges due to altered cyclone patterns.
Role of Meterological Services in Ocean Adaptation
• Marine meteorological services have traditionallydelivered warnings of gales, storms, sea wavesand tropical cyclones mainly in support ofshipping activities.
• With growing recognition of the impacts of global• With growing recognition of the impacts of globalchange on the coastal ecology, however,meteorological services are increasingly calledupon to provide support to real-timeoceanography and marine biology.
WMO Warning SystemGlobal Data Processing & Forecasting Centres
NWP Seasonal
Regional Specialised Meteorological Centres (RSMC’s)
• Tropical Cyclones
Regional ClimateOutlook Fora(RCOF)
Tsunami WarningSystemsPacific Ocean
Obs
erva
tions
Observations
GTS/WIS
• Tropical Cyclones• Emergency Response• Severe Weather/Marine Hazards
(RCOF) Pacific Ocean
Obs
erva
tions
Observations
National Meteorological & Hydrological Services (NMHS’s)
GTS/WIS
Advisories(0-3 days)
Advisories(Seasonal)
Advisories(0-6 hours)
User CommunityPublic, Government, Civil Protection
Warnings
Marine Meteorology and Oceanography Services
• Maritime Safety Services
• Marine Pollution Emergency Response SystemSystem
• Support to Search and Rescue Operations
• Operational Ocean Forecasting Systems
Joint Commission on Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) Concept and Objectives
• NWP, climate studies, maritime services, ocean modeling andforecasting, ocean research, all require integrated metocean data andinformation streams
• To address these requirements and realize potential benefits, JCOMMjointly sponsored by WMO and IOC
• Combines and benefits from the strengths and expertise of the met.and ocean communities, avoids duplication of effort, integrates existingand ocean communities, avoids duplication of effort, integrates existingactivities
• User oriented, functions at global, regional and national levels
• Integrated marine observing, data management and services system;extensive outreach programme
• An implementation mechanism for global GOOS and in situ marinecomponent of GOS
Marine Meteorological and Oceanographic Services
• JCOMM as the bridge between meteorology and oceanography• Operational oceanography now a reality • Community welfare, socio-economic impacts, hazard mitigation, climate
change, marine environment….• National and international cooperation essential –IOC, WMO, met and
ocean agencies
ClimateServices
Atmosphere
Ocean
Services
Marine WeatherMarine Weather
ServicesServices
WeatherServices
Oceanographic Services
Ocean ClimateOcean Climate
ServicesServices
COASTAL INUNDATION FORECASTING DEMONSTRATION PROJECT (CIFDP)
Proposed Scope of the Storm Surge Watch Scheme (SSWS)
Specialized Products Disaster
Management and Civil
RequirementsRegional
Specialized Meteorological
Centres
National Meteorological
Users
International
10
Forecasts and Warnings
and Civil Protection Authorities
Meteorological and
Hydrological Services
International and Regional Humanitarian
Agencies
International Charter "Space
and Major Disasters"
(activated through Civil Protection
Authorities or other selected Agencies)
Service Provider
(e.g. UNOSAT)High Resolution Images and forecasts
High Resolution Images
Products based on High Resolution Images and
Forecasts
Forecasts
WMO/CBD Joint Publication on Climate, Carbon and Coral Reefs
• Illustrates some of the linkagesamong climate, carbon dioxide andcoral reefs, while describing thenecessary steps to appropriatelyassess the threats at the local andassess the threats at the local andregional scales, as well as todevise suitable monitoring,conservation and mitigationstrategies.
• Copies are available and beingdistributed to all participants.
Thank you!Thank you!