World Until Yesterday Debrief

With a partner discuss your answers from yesterday’s reading

What aspects of Papua New Guinea’s modernization has been beneficial for them?

What aspects of Papua New Guinea’s modernization has been detrimental for them?

Introduction Introduction to Cultureto Culture

AP Human GeographyAP Human Geography

Getting Started On the next slide I will show you the

definition of “culture”.

1. Write the definition in your notebook or on a notecard

2. In your notebook try to deconstruct the definition by writing it in your own words

Culture A social creation consisting of shared

beliefs and practices that are dynamic rather than fixed

Culture System A system of culture that is shaped by

people and, in turn, influences them.

Chapulines (grasshoppers) in the Market in Oaxaca, Mexico

Cultural Systems What we eat, when we eat and how we eat is an

example of cultural differences Some Asian cultures eat with the right hand, East Asian

cultures use chopsticks, Western cultures use knife, fork and a spoon.

Certain foods are considered delicacies by some cultures, unclean and unfit for consumption by others. E.g. shrimp, snails, worms, insects, etc.

Body gestures-Japanese bowing, Western shaking hands, tipping of the hat

Various marriage customs-intermarriage is accepted in some societies, but not others

Culture Trait A single component of a culture; can

be a thing , and idea, or a social convention.

Let’s think of examples of Culture Traits in the US

Local cultures are sustained by Local cultures are sustained by maintaining customs.maintaining customs.

Custom:Custom:

a practice that a group of people routinely follows.

Material and Nonmaterial CultureMaterial and Nonmaterial CultureMaterial Culture

The things a group of people construct, such as art,

houses, clothing, sports, dance, and food.

Nonmaterial CultureNonmaterial Culture

The beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people. Examples-religion,

language, traditions & customs

Culture Region An area defined by a large number of

common culture traits

Japanese Addresses http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1zh49J5r

sg (2:47)

Watch this video on how Japanese addresses are formed? What cultural differences exist between us and them when it comes to how we create addresses?

Who knew!?

Culture Complex A group of

interrelated culture traits

Example: Aspects of Chinese culture including: religion, language, dance, dress, food, customs

Culture Identity the identity of a group or culture, or of an

individual as far as one is influenced by one's belonging to a group or culture

Often shown in Fashion choices

Culture Imperialism The dominance of

one culture over another

Cultural Isolation Cultural isolation is the separation from a

larger cultural group in a group's proximity. The isolated group does not participate in the cultural conditioning, beliefs, or activities of the larger group

Let’s think of examples?

Culture Hearth An area from which important

culture traits, including ideas, technology, and social structures, originated.

How are hearths of popular culture traits How are hearths of popular culture traits established?established?

Typically begins with an idea/good and contagious diffusion.

Companies can create/manufacture popular culture. (ie. MTV)

Individuals can create/manufacture popular culture. (ie. Tony Hawk)-video games involving extreme sports popularized skateboarding and other sports.

The The hearthhearth of Phish concerts is in the of Phish concerts is in the northeastern United States, near where the northeastern United States, near where the band began in Vermont.band began in Vermont.

Cultural Diffusion The movement of culture traits from

one place to another.

Also known as spatial diffusion

How do How do cultural traits cultural traits diffuse?diffuse?Hearth: the point Hearth: the point of origin of a of origin of a cultural trait.cultural trait.

Types of Types of diffusion:diffusion:•Contagious diffusion

•Hierarchical diffusion

Employing the concept of hierarchical Employing the concept of hierarchical diffusion, describe how you first became a diffusion, describe how you first became a ““knowerknower”” of your favorite kind of music – of your favorite kind of music – where is its hearth, and how did it reach you?where is its hearth, and how did it reach you?

Why are popular Why are popular culture traits culture traits usually diffused usually diffused hierarchically? hierarchically?

How is fashion in How is fashion in popular culture an popular culture an example of example of hierarchical hierarchical diffusion?diffusion?

Cultural Cultural LandscapeLandscape

The imprint of people on the land-how humans use, alter and manipulate the landscape to express their identity.

Examples; Architecture of buildings

Methods of tilling the soil

Means of transportation

Clothing and adornment

Sights, sounds and smells of a place

Cultural Convergence/Divergenc

e Cultural divergence – is when a culture

separates or goes in a different direction.

Cultural convergence – where different cultures become similar or even come together.

New technology

At one time in history, different parts of the world did not even know about each other.

Today people in most cultures are familiar with telephones, televisions, computers, cell phones, and the Internet.

These are helping us to build a common culture.

Global Sports

Sporting events such as the Olympics or the World Cup in soccer.

Sports provide a universal language that can bridge gaps, resolve conflicts, and bring about a greater understanding of each other.