WORLD WAR 1

Review and the AftermathBlair

World History

World War 1

M A I N causes:• Militarism!• Alliances!• Imperialism!• Nationalism!

The Players

• The Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, later known as the Central Powers• The Triple Entente: Britain, France, Russia, later known as the Allies

Biggest Areas of conflict

• Western Front• Battle of Marne: 1914

Schleiffen Plan fails• Alsace-Lorraine: Border

between France and Germany

• Somme 1916• Verdun 1916

• Eastern Front• Riga• Tannenberg• Gallipoli

United States

• Monroe Doctrine: 1823 the US President James Monroe proclaims that Europe will no longer colonize or interfere with the affairs of newly independent nations of the Americas, any action in such a manner would be deemed hostile by the United States

• Declaration of Neutrality: 1914 President Woodrow Wilson declares the US NEUTRAL in the European conflict

United States entered World War 1 April 4 ,1917For the first time in history the U.S. sends troops overseas to fight on foreign soil.

Total War is implementedThe entire nation’s economy is focused on the war effort

Wilson realized war was inevitable but agonized over the decision for what it might do to the spirit of the nation. He feared war would change America forever, making her tougher, less humane. "Once lead these people into war, and they'll forget there ever was such a thing as tolerance ... the spirit of ruthless brutality will enter into the very fiber of our national life ... every man who refused to conform would have to pay the penalty.“

THE LUSITANIA

POSTERS OF WW1

Meanwhile, in Russia:

• March 1917 the “March Revolution “ causes Tsar Nicholas to abdicate, provisional government is set up

• November 1917 The November Revolution, the Bolsheviks under Lenin topple the provisional government

• The Russian desire to obtain Constantinople after World War 1 is ignored by the Treaty of Versailles.

The ArmisticeAn agreement to cease fire, November 11, 1918…German Troops agree to retreat back their original borders

The Paris Peace Conference

• The British opposed any move toward freedom of the seas, sought primacy in the Middle East and hoped to take control of a number of German colonies

• France made no secret of its commitment to regain Alsace and Lorraine

• Italian nationalists raised the cry of “Italia Irredenta” (Italy Redeemed) as the slogan for their drive for primacy in the Adriatic

• The Japanese wanted German holdings in the Shantung Peninsula of China as well as a number of German islands

The Treaty of Versailles

• BRUTALLY PUNISHED GERMANY with reparations.Germany was forced to sign.

• Russia is left out of negotiations altogether

The Effects of the War

Globally• Russia becomes a Socialist

State, left out the Treaty of Versailles, begins to hate the western world

• Germany, broken and taxed to death becomes ripe for takeover and the rise of a dictatorship

Nationally• Disillusionment with

leaders, nationalism and the “Glory” of War

• Art, music and lifestyles of the young take a drastic turn

• The economy grows rapidly (for a while) then the Crash of 1929 leads to The Great Depression

References

• "America Declares War, 1917," EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (2000).

• http://www.propagandaposters.us/WWI/poster5.html

• http://susiemadrak.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/versailles.jpg

• http://www.ww1-world-war-one.info/world-war-one-1-information-History-Eastern-Front.html