Post on 08-Sep-2014
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Coal is the number 1 global energy polluter.
Coal accounts for 50% of US electricity generation.
Except South America, all continents have substantial coal reserves.
In 2006, coal supplied 25% the world's energy.
TYPE OF ENERGY:Coal
How does it create energy?
Coal is burned in power plants.
The process to generate energy from coal involves mining the coal, then transporting, cleaning and burning
it. Water heated by burning coal converts into steam and
generates electricity.
Each stage of this process generates pollution.
Alternative Method
Coal could create energy through coal gasification which is a process which converts solid coal into a gas that an be used
for power generation.
This method is more environmentally friendly as it removes sulphur and other contaminants.
What % of the world's energy comes from
coal?In 2006, coal supplied one quarter of the world's energy.
Although this proportion has fallen steadily over the past 20 years, world production actually increased by over
60% between 1986 and 2006.
Coal production increased everywhere except Europe with Asia (including China) recording the fastest growth.
What country uses coal the most?
China.
Where is coal found?
Coal is found underground.
The biggest supply of coal is found in the USA.
Pros
Produces a lot of energy when burned
The U.S. contains one-quarter of the world's coal reserves, which could provide more energy
potential than all the known recoverable reserves of oil.
Provides jobs for Americans.
Cons
Less transportable than oil and gas because...
It contains a larger proportion of waste
It has lower calorific value than oil and gas
It is a solid and less transportable by than liquids and gases
It is less versatile than oil, having little value for the transport industry
By Als and Kels
Oilby Ella & Gin
How does oil create energy?
Oil is a form of stored energy which is released during combustion
It comes from plant matter which is decomposed to form hydrocarbons which burns as fuel
What percentage of the worlds energy comes from
oil?In America, 16.5% of their energy comes from oil
In Africa 12.1% comes from oil
The Middle East is 13.1%
More than half of Eurasias oil comes from Russia
47% of the worlds energy is from oil.
Where is oil found?
In the Middle East oil is the most accessible
Canada, Iraq, Iran, Venezuela, US, Russia, Libya
Oil is found in pores that are buried deep beneath the earths surface, between layers of hard rock
Pros for using OilNo other energy source can move vehicles with greater speed at longer distances than oil.
It creates jobs for the local economy
It can be used in cars
It can be converted into electricity
It can be used in plastics and wax
Cons for using oil Oil is nonrenewable and so it will run out
Burning oil pollutes the environment by releasing CO2 and other toxic gasses
Big oil rigs are needed to extract oil
Oil leak may occur which result in environmental disaster like killing wild live, disturbing the biodiversity of that area and this takes years to clean up
It is expensive and dangerous to transport it
Drilling for oil is unpredictable and takes a lot of time to search for oil
Thanks for listening!
Renewable Energy
HOW DOES IT CREATE ENERGY?Counts for 13% of world primary energy production80% of this energy came from combustible renewables (mainly wood for heating)17% came from hydropowerAltogether wind,tide, geothermal and solar energies contribution to total world energy production Is just 0.5%
Geothermal energy
The natural heat found in the earths crust in the form of steam, hot water and hot rock. This source of energy can be used to produce electricity or its hot water bath can be used directly for industry, agriculture etc. eg. In Iceland hot springs supply water at 86 deg c to 95% of the buildings in and around ReyhjavikThe number of countries producing power from this source could rise from 21 in 2000 to 46 in 2010The USA is the world leader in geothermal electricity and accounts for 0.37% of electricity used in the US
Where is IT found?Share of renewables by religion (total primary energy supply)
Africa holds the largest share of 49%Wind energy has an annual growth rate 48%Renewable energies rely on the elements to produce electricity therefore Hot countries are best suited to provide solar energyMountainous religions such as the Andes can provide HEPIslands can obtain great stores of tidal energy and wind energy
Positive impactS
Renewable therefore less damage to the environment Will never run out Does not aggravate global warmingReduce fossil feel dependency Decreases necessity for nuclear wasteReduces the need for importing from east (therefore improves trade balance)Unlimited (infinite) quantities
Negative impacts
Rich countries in n America and Europe have a disproportionate share of the new renewables eg. Cahora Bassa damLimited by high capital costsNeed for sophisticated technologiesVisual pollution Conservationists worry about wind turbines affects on migrating birdsHEP dams can damage fishing industries and delicate ecosystems
HEP (Hydroelectric
Power)By Frannigans N Gabbigans
HOW DOES IT CREATE ENERGY?
The 'big four' HEP nations of China, Canada, Brazil and the USA account for over 46% of the global total.
A dam is built where there is a natural lake or a big river in a valley. The dam is used to hold the water and create pressure so that the water can produce more electrical power. There is gravitational potential energy stored in the water and this energy is used to turn generators and create electricity. Electrical generators are turned by massive turbines and create electricity. Water flows through these tunnels with great pressure and is used to turn these turbines. If there is a greater volume of water or there is a very large difference between the water level and where it flows out than you can get more power out of the water as it has greater potential energy. The electrical current is created when the rotor spins around the copper wire on the stator.
Where is IT found?
Which countries are the biggest users of this source of energy?
Latin America is the biggest user of this source of energy
The UK generate about 1% of it's electricity from HEP.This figure is low because most commercially attractive and environmentally acceptable sites are already in use.However, in July 2005, Scottish ministers approved plans to build a new HEP generating station in Inverness. The new plant will generate up to 100megawatts of electricity.
Positive impactS
Out of the 5 major sources of energy, HEP is the only one which is renewable, wahoo!It is a reliable source of energy in areas where it is suitable to build a dam (I.E. fast flowing water in a valley).There is scope for small scale HEP plants to supply local communities.
Negative impacts
The dams and power plants can have a huge negative impact on the environment. They obstruct rivers causing probs 4 da aquatic lyf.They may cause deterioration in water quality.They cause large areas of land to be flooded. May cause the release of Methane gas if large forests are submerged without prior clearance.
Dam(n) jokes
What did the fish say when it swam into a wall?......
Damn!!!! Lolz