Agenda • M4 Structures Studio (M4SS) - OpenVSP

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Agenda

• M4 Structures Studio (M4SS): Overview and Updates– (Winter) History, capabilities, recent updates, and future work

• M4SS-SPL– (Nascenzi) Sketch Point Layout UI overview and capabilities

• M4SS-Sketch– (Nascenzi) Sketch Model UI overview and capabilities

• M4SS UAM Demonstration: Side-by-Side Helicopter– (Robinson) Example covering structural modeling and preliminary results

9/17/2020M4 Engineering Proprietary

M4 Structures StudioOverview and Update

Tyler Winter

OpenVSP Workshop 2020

Overview

• M4 Structures Studio Overview

• Capability Summary

• Some Selected Applications

• Recent Developments

• Future Work

M4 Structures Studio Overview

• Goal is to predict structural weight for unconventional vehicle designs– Where history is not valid

• Requires ability to predict structural sizing – Depends on stress

• Depends on loads – Depends on fuel

distribution» Depends on …

• Filling in these “depends on” items is time consuming and difficult with conventional processes, but can be automated

• M4 Structures Studio represents 15 years of tackling this problem

• Integration with OpenVSP really allows acceleration

Structural Weight

Concept

Geometry

Layout

FEM MeshMaterials

AeroControl Surfaces

SplinesFuel Tanks

FlutterLoads

StressSizing

M4SS-SPL

•Sketch Points

•Automated layouts

M4SS-Sketch

•Structural model definition

•Analysis and load cases

M4SS-FEM

•Component FEM generation

M4SS-Merge

•FEM merging

•FEM trimming

NASTRAN

•Minimize weight subject to load cases

M4SS-Weight

•Comprehensive weight statement

•Component breakdown

M4SS-Sketch

M4SS-SPL

•Sketch Points

M4SS-Sketch

M4SS-FEM

M4SS-Merge

•FEM merging

•FEM trimming

NASTRAN

M4SS-Weight

Vertical TailWing

Horizontal Tail

Fuselage

Tiltrotor Nacelle

M4SS-FEM/Merge

M4SS-SPL

•Sketch Points

M4SS-Sketch

M4SS-FEM

M4SS-Merge

•FEM merging

•FEM trimming

NASTRAN

M4SS-Weight

Fuselage Vertical Tail

Horizontal Tail

Tiltrotor Nacelle

Merged Vehicle

View of Internal StructureView of Centerline Cutaway

NASTRAN Analysis Execution

M4SS-SPL

•Sketch Points

M4SS-Sketch

M4SS-FEM

M4SS-Merge

•FEM merging

•FEM trimming

NASTRAN

M4SS-Weight

M4SS-SPL

•Sketch Points

M4SS-Sketch

M4SS-FEM

M4SS-Merge

•FEM merging

•FEM trimming

NASTRAN

M4SS-Weight

Overview

• Future Work

Capability Summary

• Import OpenVSP Files• Sketch Point Creation• Sketch Point Layouts• Sketch Point Layout Tools• Automated Wing Layout• Automated Fuselage Layout• Sketch Model Creation

M4SS-SPL

• Interactive Complete Structural Model Creation• Automated Comprehensive Mesh Generation• Support for Composite Ply Layup Specifications• Rapid Loads Modeling including Fuel Tanks, Landing Gear, Aerodynamic

Panels and Splines, Control Surfaces, Nonstructural Mass, Rings/Frames, and New Rotorcraft Features

• Viewable Vehicle/Component Sketch Files, Geometry, and Structural Mesh• Support for GUI-based execution of M4SS-FEM/Merge and M4SS-Weight

M4SS-Sketch

• Optimization-ready FEM Generation• Vehicle/Component FEM Generation• Component Merging and Trimming• Multiple Merge Methodologies• Command-line driven operation (Batch Mode)• Support for Several NASTRAN Analysis Options including Normal

Modes, Linear Statics, Static Aeroelastic, Aeroelastic Flutter, Dynamic Aeroelasticity, and Design Optimization

M4SS-FEM/Merge

• Comprehensive Weight Statement Generation

• Component Summary• Property Region Summary• Concentrated Mass Attachments

Summary• Custom PROPTAG Summary• Nonstructural Mass Summary

M4SS-Weight

Overview

• Future Work

• Fuselage Length and Fuselage Height Variation

MD-87 Optimization Results

• Fuselage Length and Fuselage Height Variation

Low Boom Optimization Results

Electric GA Flutter Results

9/17/2020 15

Baseline Optimized

M4 Engineering Proprietary

Some Selected Applications

UAMDEP

Rotorcraft

Tilt Rotor

Fixed Wing

Commercial Transports

Supersonic Transports

Hypersonic

RLVs HALE Spacecraft

Overview

• Future Work

Recent Developments

• Now supports MacOS platform• Major enhancements to UI

– Imports OpenVSP files directly– New and improved Sketch Point Layout

tool– Streamlined workflow– Simplified codebase for improved

development and maintainability

• Additional software maturation• Development of additional

demonstration cases– CH-47D Aluminum structure– MV-22B Composite (black aluminum)

structure– Structural increment for rear ramp (MV-

• Presented at AIAA AVIATION 2020• Paper accepted into AIAA SciTech 2021

1 2,3 [1]

Overview

• Future Work

Future Work

• Approximately halfway through NASA CCRPP effort

• More demonstration problems– Structural increment for side doors (UH-60A)

– Structural increment for bottom door (CH-47D)

– Structural increments for pressurization for NASA Concept Vehicle: RVLT B HECTR

• Support for Ubuntu platform

• Extension of rotorcraft features to include crashworthiness capability

• Integration with industry standard rotorcraft software (IXGEN/RCAS/CAMRAD II)

• Academic licensing options

• And more!

RVLT B HECTR

Agenda

• M4 Structures Studio (M4SS): Overview and Updates– (Winter) History, capabilities, recent updates, and future work

• M4SS-SPL– (Nascenzi) Sketch Point Layout UI overview and capabilities

• M4SS-Sketch– (Nascenzi) Sketch Model UI overview and capabilities

• M4SS UAM Demonstration: Side-by-Side Helicopter– (Robinson) Example covering structural modeling and preliminary results

M4SS-SPL

Thomas Nascenzi

OpenVSP Workshop 2020

• M4SS-SPL

– Importing OpenVSP Models

– Sketch Point Layouts

– Automated Tools

– Initializing a Sketch Model

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Overview

M4SS-SPL

M4SS-Sketch FEM

M4SS-SPL

• Previously, M4SS utilized a branch of OpenVSP called M4SS-OpenVSP– This branch contained functionality for placing “Sketch Points” on

components in OpenVSP

• However, there were a few drawbacks to this approach– It was cumbersome to maintain up-to-date versions

– It made porting M4SS to other platforms more difficult

– Inefficient tool for solely placing Sketch Points

• Still contained the entire toolset available in OpenVSP

• So, a new submodule called M4SS-SPL was developed to replaced M4SS-OpenVSP

M4SS-SPL

• The new M4SS-SPL had several benefits over M4SS-OpenVSP– Achieved with the use of the OpenVSP Python API

– Unified all M4SS functionality into a single application

– Contained a limited toolset catered to creating Sketch Points

• Streamlined the user experience

– Code base was easier to maintain

• Can utilize the most recent build of OpenVSP

M4SS-OpenVSP(Discontinued) M4SS-SPL

Overview

• M4SS-SPL

– Automated Tools

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Importing OpenVSP Models

.vsp3 Import

• Maintains components

• Direct geometry access

• No model healing

Overview

• M4SS-SPL

– Automated Tools

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Sketch Point Layouts

• Modeling structurally relevant OpenVSP components starts by creating Sketch Point Layouts

• Each Layout contains:– Sketch Plane

– Sketch Points

• Access to a limited setof OpenVSP params– Tessellation controls

Fully-definedSPL Model Tree

Visualization of SPL Model (OpenVSP model with Sketch Points)

• Sketch Planes are the 2D planar orientation of the component– Correspond to the view that, when “looked directly down,” shows the

full-depth structure

• Provides a convenient way to define 3D features

This wing example shows how the XY-plane can be used to define ribs and spars

• Sketch Points can be defined with Free Points, Lines, and Grids

• Free Points are placed individually

• Can capture non-uniform features

• Lines are defined with a start and end point

• Can contain any number of Sketch Points

• Grids are defined with rows and columns

• Sketch Points are placed implicitly

• Easiest way to place Sketch Points

• Lines can be drawn straight in Parametric or Coordinate space

Parametric

Coordinate

Parametric

Coordinate • Also applicable to grids

• Sketch Points are the common building blocks for developing structural analysis models within M4SS– Structural hard points (e.g. rib/spar and bulkhead/floor)

– Skin structure boundaries

– Aerodynamic panels/control surface boundaries

– Mass attachment locations (e.g. landing gear, engines)

– And more

• Defined in M4SS-SPL as points on the surface of OpenVSPcomponents– When components are modified, Sketch Points “go along for the ride”

Overview

• M4SS-SPL

– Automated Tools

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Automated Tools

Automated Wing Layout Tool

• Provides an easy way to define Sketch Point Layouts for wings

Automated Tools

Automated Fuselage Layout Tool

• Provides an easy way to define Sketch Point Layouts for fuselages

Overview

• M4SS-SPL

– Automated Tools

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Initializing a Sketch Model

SPL Model Sketch Model

Convert

• The Sketch Model is initialized from the SPL Model• Automatically generates a base-model

– Includes a normal modes analysis– Elements can be removed or modified– New elements can be added

Overview

• M4SS-SPL

– Automated Tools

• Intermission

• M4SS-Sketch

– Sketch Model

– Component Cards

– Analysis Cards

Agenda • M4 Structures Studio (M4SS) - OpenVSP

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