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© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-1
StatisticsA First Course
Donald H. SandersRobert K. Smidt
Aminmohamed AdatiaGlenn A. Larson
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-2
Chapter 1
Let’s Get Started
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-3
Chapter 1 - Topics
• What to Expect• Statistics: What is It?• Uses of Statistics• Performing Statistical Studies• Role of the Computer in Statistics
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-4
What to Expect?• Required
– Recognize the need to understand statistics to live in the modern world
– Knowledge of high school algebra
• Not Required
– Advanced mathematics skills – calculus
• Disciplines
– Examples drawn from business and science
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-5
Statistics: What is It?
• Statistics can be divided into two broad areas– Descriptive statistics
• Collecting, summarizing, and presenting sample data using numerical and graphical methods
– Inferential statistics• Making estimates, decisions, predictions, or
other generalizations about a larger set of data based on sampling
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-6
Statistics: What is It?
Definitions• Population Parameter
– Data collection of measurements, objects, or individuals under study
• Sample Statistic– Portion or subset taken from population
data
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Figure 1.1
An overview of descriptive statistics and statistical inference.
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-8
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-9
The statistical inference process involves the use of a known sample statistic to arrive at a judgment about an unknown population parameter.
Figure 1.2
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-10
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Uses of Statistics
• Describing relationships between variables– Describe and understand numerical
relationships• Aiding in decision making
– Make better decisions
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-12
Performing Statistical Studies• Steps to obtain valid and useful results from study
– Identify your objective• Identify question to be answered• Identify relevant population
– Collect sample data• Experiment – subjecting experimental units to treatments
and observing their response• Observational study – i.e. survey, interview,
questionnaire
– Analyze the data and form conclusions
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-13
Statistical problem-solving methodology
Figure 1.3 (2 slides)
Role of the Computer in Statistics
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-14
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Role of the Computer in Statistics
• Statistical tools used for data analysis that are highlighted in this textbook– Electronic spreadsheets
• Microsoft Excel
– Statistical analysis packages• MINITAB
– Calculators• Texas Instruments TI-83+
© 2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1-17
End of Chapter 1
Let’s Get Started