© 2007 1

Laboratory Testing Of High-Pressure Coiled-Tubing Drilling System

Laboratory Testing Of High-Pressure Coiled-Tubing Drilling System

June 1, 2007June 1, 2007

Dr. William C. MaurerDr. William C. Maurer

© 2007 2

High-Pressure Drilling

1970s & 1980s High Pressure 1970s & 1980s High Pressure Bits Drill 2 to 3 Time FasterBits Drill 2 to 3 Time Faster ExxonExxon ShellShell Gulf OilGulf Oil Flow DrillFlow Drill

Pressure - 10,000 to 15,000 psiPressure - 10,000 to 15,000 psi

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Exxon Jet Exxon Jet BitBit

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Exxon HP Field TestExxon HP Field Test

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4 3/4” High Pressure Bit4 3/4” High Pressure Bit

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8” High Pressure Bit8” High Pressure Bit

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Grooves Cut by HP TestsGrooves Cut by HP Tests

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High Pressure Problems

ConnectionsConnections

Joint LeaksJoint Leaks

WashoutsWashouts

High MaintenanceHigh Maintenance

PumpPump

RigRig

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High Pressure Solutions

Coiled TubingCoiled Tubing No JointsNo Joints Eliminates WashoutsEliminates Washouts

Improved EquipmentImproved Equipment PumpsPumps RigsRigs MotorsMotors BitsBits

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High Pressure Drilling High Pressure Drilling MechanismMechanism

BitBit

JetsJetsPDC CutterPDC Cutter

Rock LedgesRock Ledges

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Critical Components

Coiled TubingCoiled Tubing Fatigue Life At High PressuresFatigue Life At High Pressures

CT RigCT Rig High Pressure ComponentsHigh Pressure Components

PDM MotorsPDM Motors Bearing And Motor LoadsBearing And Motor Loads

BitsBits Correct Nozzle PlacementCorrect Nozzle Placement

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0

50

100

150

200

6,000 9,000 12,000

1.75"2.00"

CT Fatigue LifeCT Fatigue Life

Fat

igu

e L

ife

(tri

ps)

Internal Pressure (psi)

QT-1000

(based on MEI CTLIFE model)

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Fatigue Test Machine

Hydraulic Actuator

Curved Bending Form

Pump

StraightBending Form

CT Sample

PressureController

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Fatigue Life of 1-1/2” Coiled TubingFatigue Life of 1-1/2” Coiled Tubing(R. Stanley, 2000)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000

Internal Test Pressure (psi)

Fat

igu

e L

ife

(cyc

les)

Actual Cycles for QT-1200

Model Cycles for QT-1000

Model Cycles for QT-800

(0.156” Wall)

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First Reel of QT 1200 CT

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Fiberspar Composite CTFiberspar Composite CT

Production Tubing - Production Tubing - FS PTFS PT Line Pipe - Line Pipe - FS LPFS LP Coiled Tubing -Coiled Tubing -FS CTFS CT (for Well Servicing) (for Well Servicing)

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Swivel Test Stand

Hydraulic MotorTransducer

Swivel

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Hydra-Rig High Pressure SwivelTorque vs Pressure

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

Pressure (PSI)

Torq

ue (

ft.

lbs)

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High Pressure CT MotorHigh Pressure CT Motor

PDC Thrust Bearings

High PressureJet Bit

Filter

PDM Multilobe Rotor/Stator (3 1/8”)

2 3/8” CT

Solid TitaniumFlexshaft

Radial Bearings/Flow Restrictors

Solid Rotor

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Thrust Load on BearingThrust Load on Bearing

10,000 PSI

34,000 lbForce

Seal

Housing

Thrust Bearing

Bit

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Thrust BearingsThrust Bearings

Diamond Roller

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Bearing Load ComparisonBearing Load Comparison

5600

16,800

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

Ball Bearing PDC Bearing

Load

Cap

acit

y

100 Hours @ 300 rpm

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Damaged Ball Bearings

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Labyrinth Seal

Outer Sleeve

Inner Sleeve

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Motor Labyrinth LeakageMotor Labyrinth Leakage

8.1

12.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0.004" 0.006"Leakage Clearance (w)

Flo

w R

ate

(g

pm

)

wFour 5” Labyrinths10,000 psi

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Radial Bearing

Outer Sleeve

Inner Sleeve

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10,000 psi

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High Pressure Jet-Drilling Rates

1500

780

25568 110

120142

910(WOB=1000 lbs)

Jet

Dri

llin

g R

ate

(ft

/in

)

CreamLimestone

Limestone BluffDolomite

RedSandstone

Bit Weight = 2000 lbs = 10,000 psi = 1,000 psi

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70

60

50

40

30

20

10

00 1000 2000 3000 4000

Austin Chalk

Mancos Shale

Colton Sandstone

Dri

llin

g R

ate

(Ft/H

r)

7-7/8 Tricone Bit30,000 Lbs WOB

60 Rpm

pp

bp

Differential Pressure (psi )

Differential Pressure and Drilling Rate(Moffit, 1991)

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Cuttings Removal Screen

Borehole Pressure

DrillingFluid Input

ShaftSeal

Pressure Chamber Formation Pressure

RockRock

Choke

DRC Wellbore Simulator Drilling DRC Wellbore Simulator Drilling StandStand

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Effect Of Wellbore Pressure

740

260

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 psi 2000 psi

Wellbore Pressure

RO

P (

ft/h

r)

(Conventional Drilling)

Texas Cream Limestone2000 lb Bit Weight

Wellbore Pressure = 0 psiJet Pressure = 300 psi

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Effect Of Wellbore Pressure

1010920

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

0 psi 2000 psi

Wellbore Pressure

RO

P (

ft/h

r)

Texas Cream Limestone2000 lb Bit Weight

(High Pressure Drilling)

Wellbore Pressure = 2000 psiJet Pressure = 9300 psi

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Initial Bottom Hole Pattern

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Modified Jet Bit

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Final Bottom Hole PatternFinal Bottom Hole Pattern

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Additional Applications

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HighPressure Jets

Slots

FormationDamage

Jet SlottingStimulation

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Jet Slots In Glacier Bluff Dolomite10,000 psi Jet Pressure

Slot

© 2007 50C

em

en

tC

em

en

t

Drillpipe or Casing

HighPressure Jets

Drilling Cement

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Tubing After Drilling Cement

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Cement Drilling Rates

60

1420

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Conventional High Pressure

Cem

ent D

rillin

g R

ate

s (f

t/hr)

Motor Motor

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Cement Drill Cuttings (10,000 psi)

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Acknowledgements

DOE (William DOE (William Gwilliam)Gwilliam)

Garry Collins Garry Collins (Marathon)(Marathon)

Mike Dearing Mike Dearing (Stewart & (Stewart & Stevenson)Stevenson)

John Martin John Martin (Quality (Quality Tubing)Tubing)

Mel Mel Hightower Hightower (ARCO)(ARCO)

Rod Stanley Rod Stanley (Quality (Quality Tubing)Tubing)

John John Misselbrook Misselbrook (BJ Services)(BJ Services)

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