-3.5 billion years

- dominant form of life on Earth

- live in every hospitable environment

- > 100 trillion on and in human body

- total mass exceeds all animal life

-10 000 species known

- roughly 1% of believed total # of species

Sketch figure 6 from page 48

On your sketch label:

• cell wall

• plasmid

• ribosomes

• flagella

• pilli

• capsule

Make sure to write down a function for each one of these structures

= BACTERIA

- There are 3 main shapes to bacteria

Coccus Bacillus Spirillum

- video

-Many different and diverse evolutionary branches of the Domain Eubacteria

-6 main groups of human importance

-Vary dramatically in energy and nutrient gathering

Bacteria Key features

Using table 1 on page 48 of the text, complete the chart for each bacteria. Include only the 2 most important key features of each bacteria

Bacteria reproduce asexually and very quickly! -video

- 1000 times faster than a eukaryotic cell

Binary fission - 3 step process

Step 1: Duplication of the chromosome

Step 2: Cell elongates

Step 3: Cell divides into two

Daughter cells are identical to mother cell

Mutations

• ease of evolution

• genetic diversity

Conjugation –exchange of genetic information; sexual reproduction

Transformation –taking in of foreign DNA by the bacteria for use

• horizontal gene transfer

• positive/negative

Endospore

How an organism produces energy

Autotrophic Heterotrophic-make own energy from inorganic compounds

-need to ingest energy from organic compounds

Animals and plants

Bacteria

Obligate aerobes –need oxygen to survive

Obligate aerobes

Facultative aerobes – live with or without oxygen fermentation

So where does a bacterium get its energy to move and reproduce?

The Bubonic Plague

“The Black Death”

Spread through Europe 14th C

Yersinia pestis

Killed 30 – 60% of the population

- approx 100 million people

Swollen lymph nodes, fever, vomit blood

-death in days

Escherichia coli

Found in the large intestine of warm-blooded animals

Very important to scientific research –recomb DNA host

Some different strains

• Good production of vit K and destroy harmful bacteria

• Bad cause food poisoning

•Ugly bloody diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections, death

Walkerton

May 2000

Farm runoff into nearby well

Walkerton Public Utilities Commission

Stan and Frank Koebel

• PATHOGEN: Infectious bacteria

Cholera LeprosyTuberculosis Salmonella

• ANTIBIOTIC: substance that can kill or weaken micro-organisms; produced by bacteria

fighting for nutrients

overuse leads to resistance

• MUTUALISM: relationship whereby each benefits• Nitrogen fixation

• Vit K and B12 production

-Very little known about this group

- make up is unlike bacteria or eukaryotes

- Play key role in ecosystems

low-oxygen; intestines; produce methan gas

salt-loving

extreme heat; hot springs, ocean vents

cold-loving; Arctic and Antarctic