Date post: | 16-Jun-2015 |
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Русский алфавит(russki alfavit)
Russian alphabet
• Don’t worry if you don’t absolutely master reading the letters quickly, as long as you can look at a letter and tell what it is, especially the 2nd group of letters (look different, sound the same).
• Also don’t be concerned with memorizing every word on the lists, there are quite a few and it’s just to help know letters
Letters that are (almost) the same
• Аа• Кк • Мм• Оо• Тт
Аа
• “ah” as in father
• Папа (papa– dad)• Там (tahm- there)• Cобака (sobaka- dog)
Кк
• The same sound as “K” in English
• Кот (Kot- male cat)• Кто (Kto- who)• Пока (poka- bye)
Мм
• The same “m” sound as in english
• Мама (mama- mom)• Музыка (muzika- music)• Метро (myetro- subway)
Оо
• Usually like “o” in “bore”, but can sometimes sound like “ah” or “uh”
• Что (chto- what)• Плохо (plokhuh- bad)• Хорошо (Khahruhsho- good)
• Note that «хорошо» incorporates all three tones
Тт
• Same sound as English ‘t’
• Сто (sto- 100)• Ты (Tiy- you)• Такси (Taksi - Taxi)
Russian letters that look like English letters, but sound different
• Вв• Ее• Нн• Рр• Сс• Уу• Хх
Вв
• “v” sound
• Вот (vot- here)• В (to, in)• Виргиния (Virginiya- Virginia)
Ee
• “yeh” as in “yet”
• Нет (nyet- no)• Девочка (dyevuchka- girl)• Беларусь (byelarus’-Belarus)
• This is the “y version” of Ээ (I’ll explain later)
Нн
• “N” sound as in “never”
• Не (nye- negation word)• День (dyen- day)• На (nah- on)
Рр
• Rolled “R” as in Spanish “perro”
• Русский (russkiy- Russian)• Говорить (govorit’ – to speak)• Кристофер (Kristofyer- Christopher)
Note: does not form a blend as in English “tree”.. Would pronounce t & r separately
Сс
• “S” sound as in snake
• С (with)• Сказать (skazat’- to say)• Если (yesli- if)
Уу
• “Oo” as in ‘Joop’
• У (by/with/of)• Друг (droog- male friend)• Уилл (Ooill- Will)
Xx
• Hard “ch” sound like “Bach” or “Loch”
• Хотеть (khotyet- to like)• Хороший (khoroshiy- good [adj])• Хотя (khotya- although)
Make the sound from your throat, as in German
Letters that look unusual but have familiar sounds
• Бб• Гг• Дд• Зз• Ии• Лл• Пп• Фф• Ээ
Бб
• “B” sound as in “bird” or “Bill”
• Быть (Biyt- to be)• Бог (Bog- God)• Бабушка (babushka- grandmother)
Гг
• Hard “G” as in “God”• “V” sound if between two vowels (usually “e” and
“o”
• Где (Gdye- Where)• Говорить (govorit’- to speak)• Его (Yevo- his)
• Never a soft ‘g’ like “George”
Дд
• “d” sound as in “dad”
• Дедушка (dyedushka- grandfather)• Да (da- yes)• Для (dlya- for/to)
Зз
• Z sound as in zebra
• За (za- behind, over, at, after)• Знать (znat’- to know)• Зебра (Zyebra- zebra)
Ии
• Long “ee” sound as in “weed”
• И (and)• Извините (Izvinitye- excuse me)• Ничего (Nichivo- nothing/don’t worry about
it)
Лл
• “L” as in “look”
• Или (ili- or)• Человек (chyelovyek- person/man)• Лицо (litso- face)
Пп
• “P” as in “pirate”
• По-английски (po-angliiski- English language)• Правда (pravda- the truth)• Пират (pirat- Pirate)
Фф
• “F” as in fu…fudge
• Фылм (Fiylm- film/movie)• Флорида (Florida- Florida)• Фраза (fraza- phrase)
Ээ
• “eh” sound as in Elephant• Shortened “Ee”
• Это (ehto- it/that/ this)• Эффект (effekt- effect)• Электричество (elyektrichestvo- electricity)
New Letters and sounds
• Юю• Яя• Ёё• Жж• Цц• Чч• Шш and Щщ• Ыы• Йй
Юю
• “yoo” sound as in University
• Юг (Yug – south)
• Not super common, mostly in verb endings
Яя
• “ya” as in yacht
• Я (I/me)• Яблоко (yabloka- apple)• Татьяна (Tatyana- Tatyana)
• It is just one sound ‘ya’, not ‘ee-ah’
Ёё
• “yo” sound as in yoke
• Not often used in typed language, usually replace with Ее
• Всё- (vsyo- all/everything)
Жж
• ‘zh’ as in ‘measure’• Sometimes paired with Д (Дж-) for a “j” sound
as in John, for loanwords
• Жёлтый (zhyoltiy- yellow)• Женщина (zhenshina- woman)
Цц
• ‘ts’ as in ‘nuts’
• Цветок (tsvyetok- flower)• Цвет (tsvyet- color)• Царь (tsar’-Czar/king)
Чч
• Ch as in chandler• Sometimes soft like ‘sh”
• Что (shto- what)• Час (chas- hour)• Ночь (noch’- night)
Шш, Щщ
• Both a form of “sh”– «Щ» makes a “shch” like the middle of the words
“fresh cheese”. A softer version
• Шесть (shyest’- six)• Наш (nahsh- our)• Защищать (zashishat’ – to protect)• Помощь – (Pomosh – help)
Ыы
• Deep ‘I’ sound from throat, almost forced like a “oowi”.. No similarity as in english
• Вы (Viy- you (plural)• Ты (Тiy- you (singular)• Быть (biyt’- to be)
Йй
• A sort of ‘y’ sound
• Яйцо (yaytso- egg)• Русский (russkiy- Russian)
Pronunciation symbols
• These letters have no sound of their own
• Ьь- makes letter before softer• Ъъ- indicates slight pause in syllable, almost
never used
Try to sound out these words (answers on next slide)
• Кошка (female cat) • Мальчик (boy)• Здесь (here)• Чёрный (black)• Машина (car)• Ручка (pen)
• Кошка (Koshka)• Мальчик (Malchik)• Здесь (zdyes)• Чёрный (chyorniy)• Машина (Mashina)• Ручка (roochka)
• Я тебя люблю (I love you)• Я собираюсь в рестосан (I’m going to the
restaurant)• Моя мама и мой папа живют в белом доме
(my mom and my dad live in a white house)
• Я собираюсь в рестосан (ya sobirayus v restoran)
• Моя мама и мой папа живют в белом доме (moya mama i moy papa zhivyut v byelom domye)