«Проект по экономической реабилитации и построению мер доверия»

Why IWRM and What it Means

25th of June, 2013

Eng. Ahmed Abou elseoudSenior Water Resources Management Expert

About Water ….

• A “Single” Resource – has no substitute• A Limited Resource• A Scarce Resource (or is it?)• Has Social, Economic, and Environmental

Value (social and environment are recent)

A Unique Resource• Every organism, individual, and

ecosystem on the planet depends on water for survival.

• Water impacts all aspects of life on the planet

• Poor water management and water shortages can lead to disease, malnutrition, reduced economic growth, social instability, conflict, and environmental disaster.

The Global Water Budget

Global Water97% Seawater 3% Freshwater

Global Freshwater87% Not Accessible13% Accessible (0.4% of global)

A Challenge to Water Management

The Water Scene• Resources are scarce• Demands are outstripping supplies• Environmental/Ecological issues are serious• Policy and institutional issues are complicated• Current approach is sectoral and fragmented• Financing is poor and options are expensive

Where Are We Headed?• Decreasing per-capita availability• Degrading water quality• Increasing competition/conflict within sectors and

within society– Urban versus agriculture– Haves versus have nots– Upstream versus downstream– National versus international

• Increasing competition/conflict with the environment

Water as a Global Issue

• Water crisis has steadily moved up the global agenda

• The process is driven by – water-related health impacts, – rapid industrialization, – water security, and – awakening environmental consciousness

The Paradigm ShiftThe Dublin principles (1992)• Water is a single, finite resource• Water management and development should include

stakeholders• Water is an economic good• Women play a central role in management and

conservation of waterThe Dublin Principles have served as guide for the global water dialogue

Key Water Challenges and Needs• Integrated

management of water• Water resources

economics• Political economy of

water• Water supply and

sanitation services • Irrigation/drainage • NRM and environment

• Water pricing and cost recovery

• Water entitlement and rights

• Water users empowerment

• Sharing of water and its benefits

• Cooperation and conflict resolution

• Energy

MDGs … a starting point Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education

Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women

Goal 4. Reduce child mortality

Goal 5. Improve maternal health

Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability

Goal 8. Develop a Global Partnership for Development

• Ad hoc• Economic Analysis -- Single Project or

Basin• Multi-Objective Planning• Comprehensive Multi-Purpose River

Basin Planning and Management• Strategic Planning and Implementation

through IWRM

Approaches to Water Management

The Water Balancing Act

Demand• Increasing in all sectors• Inefficient use

Supply• Quantity (Natural Scarcity, Groundwater Depletion)• Quality Degradation• Cost of Options

IWRM

Integrated Water Resources Management A systematic process for linking water and water-related policy, objectives, and uses to improve decision making in:

– operation and management of natural resources and environmental systems;

– design and implementation of programs and policies.

A coordinating framework for integrating sectoral needs, water and water-related policy, resource allocation, and management within the context of social, economic, and environmental development objectives.

Why IWRM?• Globally accepted and makes good sense.• Key element in national water policy.• Incorporates social and environmental

considerations directly into policy and decision making.

• Directly involves the stakeholders. • Is a tool for optimizing investments under

tight financing climate.

Key Water & Water-related Policies/Inst.

Resources Assessment &

Analysis

Use Assessment & Analysis

Resource Development &

Management Plan

Implementation & Monitoring

Resource Allocation Strategy

Review & Evaluation

CountryDevelopment

Objectives

Schematic of the IWRM Process • Stakeholder Input• Donor Input• Other Input

IWRM can be characterized as:

• A process, not a product

• Scale independent - applies at all levels of development

• A tool for self assessment and program evaluation

• A tool for policy, planning, and management

• A mechanism for evaluating competing demands, resource allocation, and tradeoffs

Dimensions of IWRM

Integrated Water Resources Management

Water supply & sanitation

Irrigation & drainage

Energy Environ-mentalservices

Infrastructure for Infrastructure for management of management of

floods and floods and droughts, droughts,

multipurpose multipurpose storage, water storage, water

quality and source quality and source protectionprotection

Policy/ Policy/ Institutional Institutional frameworkframework

Management Management instrumentsinstruments

Political economy Political economy of water of water

managementmanagement

Other uses including

industry and navigation

Water Uses GWP

Governance

Hea

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Wat

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Wat

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uppl

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Floo

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roug

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Ener

gy

Agr

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Indu

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Pollu

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Prev

Coa

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Ecos

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Activity Sectors

(water uses)

Social

Development

Economic

Development

Env.

ProtectionObjectives

Policy/Inst.Framework

Management Institutions

Water Resources Development : The IWRM Process

Feedback

Prosperity

IWRM Water and water related policies review and revision

IWRM Resource development, management, monitoring, and evaluation

IWRM Resource availability/use analysis and allocation

«Проект по экономической реабилитации и построению мер доверия»

Thank you for your attentiopn !Questions?

Why IWRM and What it Means

25th of June, 2013

Eng. Ahmed Abou elseoudSenior Water Resources Management Expert