* 730-735• Interpret Political Cartoons• Describe examples of the “Second Red Scare” in the 1950s

Interpreting Political Cartoons:

Analyze as many cartoons as you can by identifying the meaning of the cartoon and examples of symbolism.

Remember the components of all cartoons:

Time and Place

Background Information

Use of Symbolism

The Second “Red Scare”

• Communism in America declined after WWII

• Nazi-Soviet Pact = many left the party due to this.

• Walter Reuther defeated communist candidate for UAW president in 1946 = little worker support.

Examples:• Republican Party used communism

against the Democrats in 1944 and 1946 elections

• “commydemocrats”• choice between “Communism and

Republicanism” helped Richard Nixon win in Congress

Examples:

Executive Order #9835 created the “Federal Loyalty Program” in 1947:• This program authorized

investigations and background checks for all federal employees.

• It disqualified anyone who had or continued to belong to the Communist party, or had any "sympathetic association" with the Communist party,

• House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)

• Texas Democratic Congress- man Martin Dies forms it.

• HUAC investigates “Hollywood Ten” in 1950 since many movie writers were foreign born.

• Actors Gary Cooper and Ronald Reagan assure the public they were anti-communist.

The Second Red Scare

• The McCarran Committee (1951)• Goal to encourage diplomats

labor leaders, teachers to id those involved in suspicious activities (Communism).• Subversion Trials

• 1949 Trial of the American Communist Party

• The Alger Hiss Case - 1948• Whittaker Chambers

• The Rosenberg Case - 1953• physicist Klaus Fuchs

• Senator Joseph McCarthy• Claimed to have lists of Com.

in the State Dept. and US Army.

The Second Red Scare

Senator Joseph McCarthy

• Why did McCarthyism “catch hold” of Americans?• Existing laws like the Internal Security Act and the Immigration and Naturalization Act promoted suspicion.

• Panic gripped many Americans, so it was relatively easy to believe Communists were on the attack.

• Employers required employees to swear loyalty oaths as a condition of employment!

The Second Red Scare

Part of a report from British military leaders to the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, regarding a plan called 'Operation Unthinkable'

- a surprise attack on the USSR, 1945

Move three dots to make the triangle point down.

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