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Lipids are large, nonpolar molecules
Lipids include
1) triglycerides
2) phospholipids
3) steroids
4) waxes
5) pigments
The structure of lipids:Lipids have a lot of carbon
and hydrogen atoms; the ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms is much higher than in carbohydrates
The monomer of lipids: fatty acids
Fatty acids – a subunit of many lipids
Consist of a long carbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end which makes it polar
The polar end of the molecule
LOVES WATER!
It’s called hydrophilic.
Talk about sea legs! Sea otters eat, sleep, hunt, mate, and give birth in the water.
2 types of fatty acids:Saturated- carbon atoms
have every available bond attached to hydrogen
Solid at room temp. Found in animal products; red meat, butter
And unsaturated- there are some double bonds between carbon atoms
Liquid at room temperature; plant oils
Phospholipids make up our cell membranes…
2 layers of phospholipids (a bilayer) form our cell membranes
The tail ends face each other because they do not like water.
The head ends face outward because they like water (and cells are surrounded by and filled with aqueous solutions).
Wax A structural lipid that
forms a waterproof covering in plants or in our ears to keep microorganisms out
Consists of a long fatty-acid chain joined to a long alcohol chain
Steroids
Unlike other lipids, not composed of fatty acids
Ex. Testosterone OR
Ex. Cholesterol- needed by the body for nerve and other cell function