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Experimentation. Bell ringer Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading...

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Page 1: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

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Experimentation

Page 2: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Bell ringer

Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain

Page 3: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Lets see how we would conduct an experiment on whether listening to music interferes with reading comprehension. Identify the variables and conditions

Page 4: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Experiment

A scientific method in which researchers manipulate, or change, a variable to observe the effect on some other variable

Proves cause and effect relationship

Page 5: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Independent Variable

The variable that is manipulated or changed.

The variable whose effect is being studied.

The Cause

What is the independent variable in our experiment?

Page 6: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Music

Page 7: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Dependent Variable

The experimental factor that is being measured. The constant

Variable may change in response to manipulations on the independent variable

The Effect

What is the dependent variable?

Page 8: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Reading Comprehension

Page 9: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Confounding variable

Confounding variables (aka third variables) are variables that the researcher failed to control, or eliminate, damaging the validity of the experiment

What is a possible confounding variable?

Page 10: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Volume of music

Level of reading

Page 11: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Experimental Condition (group)

The condition (group) of an experiment that exposes participants to the independent variable

What is the experimental condition?

Page 12: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Listening to music while reading

Page 13: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Control Condition (group)

Contrasts with the experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment

The constant or controlled condition

What is the control condition?

Page 14: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Reading without music

Page 15: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Random Assignment

Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance

Page 16: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Placebo

Used in experiments with substances (active agents) such as drugs

Pseudotreatment that is administered instead of the active agent to see if it triggers the same results

Blind experiment: Participants don’t know if they receive the placebo

Think of an example of a placebo

Page 17: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Placebo effect

Effect on behavior caused by a placebo

Thinking you are receiving treatment or a drug will cause people to act a certain way

Page 18: Experimentation. Bell ringer  Do you think listening to music while you read interferes with reading comprehension? Explain.

Double-Blind Procedure

Both the research participants and and the research staff do not know which group has received the placebo

Eliminates bias and enthusiasm


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