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Nuclear Structure Theory in Poland
Wojciech Satuła
78th Meeting, Kraków, 11-12 October 2013
*) for a period of 2008-13
Polish nuclear structure theory (NST) in numbers*)
Brief overview of scientific activities
Physics highlights - personal selection
Final remarks
The idea is to provide you witha handful of informations
allowing to judge in what statePolish NST is:
Nuclear structure &
reactions
Hot and dense quark-gluon matter
Hadron structure
Hadron-Nuclear interface
Res
olu
tio
n
DFT
collectiveand
algebraic models
CI
ab initio
LQCD
quarkmodels
Third Law of Progress in Theoretical Physics by
Weinberg: “You may use any degrees of freedom you like to describe a
physical system, but if you use the wrong ones, you’ll be
sorry!”
Eff
ecti
ve (
fiel
d)
theo
ries
National Center for Nuclear Research (7) University of Warsaw (5); Warsaw University of Technology (2) Heavy Ion Laboratory (2)
Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin (16)
Jagiellonian University (5); Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics (3)
University of Zielona Góra (1)
Silesian University of Technology, Katowice (1)
Staff (2013) ~40(4) Senior/Junior ~30/10
(PhD students included)
Lublin (16)
Warsaw (16)
Kraków (8)
Publications (2008-13)~ 450(20) (Nature, Science,
16PRL,PRC,PLB,…)
NN & NNN forces high-precision calculation in
3N systems & light nucleiJU-Bochum collaboration
(Witała et al.)
The nuclear landscape as seen by (Polish) nuclear structure theorists:
Study of effective nucleus-nucleus interactionOptical model + Dynamic Polarisation Potential
HIL Warsaw (Rusek et al.)
Open quantum systemsSMEC & Gamov SM calculations
Ganil - IFJ PAN – WU/OR collaboration(Płoszajczak/Okołowicz/Nazarewicz et al.)
Isospin physics & the SM testsisospin and angular momentum
projected DFT (MR DFT) & beyond (Satuła/Dobaczewski et al.)
Exotic symmetries: chirality, tetrahedrality Lublin-Warsaw-Strasbourg collaboration
(Góźdź/Rohoziński/Próchniak/Dudek et al.)
EoS & compact stars physics Barcelona-Milano-Lublin &
Bloomington-WU/OR-Erlangen collaborations(Warda et al. & Nazarewicz/Rafalski et al.)
Super Heavy Elements Lublin-WU/OR collaboration; NCNR(Baran/Staszczak/Nazarewicz et al.)(Sobiczewski/Skalski/Kowal et al.)
Time-dependent SLDAFermionic superfluids: nuclei and atomic gases
WUT – Seattle collaboration(Magierski/Wlazłowski et al.)
Investigation of 3NFs through three nucleon scatteringOf particular interest are Nd elastic scattering and deuteron breakup reactions. These reactions allow to measure the so called analyzing powers (polarization observables) with high accuracy at different kinematic conditions. It allows to investigate in a systematic manner the momentum, spin and isospin dependence of 3Ns.
dp elastic scattering – world data survey
Strategy: Solve Fadeeev equations
with NN (blue bands) and NN+3NF
use different NN and and 3NFs variants to assestheoretical uncertainities
Look for systematic discrepancies
Theory: Witala & Golak JU
correct for relativisticeffects
look for new 3NFs
protons
neutrons
82
50
28
28
50
82
2082
28
20
126
Weak interactionstudies in N=Z nucleisuperallowed b-decay
Temporal dependenceof the fine structure
constant studies in 229Th
EDM search
in radium
Specific nuclei offer new opportunities for precision
tests of: CP and P violation
Unitarity of the CKM matrix Possible temporal dependence
of the fine structure constant in 229Th
Testing the fundamental symmetries of nature
0 bb nsearches
neutron EDM
Superallowed 0+>0+ Fermi beta decays(testing the Standard Model)
10 cases measured with accuracy ft ~0.1% 3 cases measured with accuracy ft ~0.3%
~2.4% 1.5% 0.3%
- 1.5%
test of the CVC hypothesis (Conserved Vector Current)
Towner & HardyPhys. Rev. C77, 025501 (2008)
weak eigenstates
mass eigenstates
CKMCabibbo-Kobayashi
-Maskawa
test of unitarity of the CKM matrix
0.9490(4) 0.0507(4) <0.0001
|Vud|2+|Vus|2+|Vub|2=0.9997(6)
|Vud| = 0.97418 + 0.00026-
adopte
d f
rom
J.H
ard
y’s
, EN
AM
’08
pre
senta
tion
superallowed 0+0+
b-decay
|Vu
d| (a)
p-decaymirror T=1/2
nuclei
n-decay
0.970
0.971
0.972
0.973
0.974
0.975
0.976
(b)
(c) (d)
0.9925
0.9950
0.9975
1.0000
1.0025
|Vu
d | 2+|V
us | 2+
|Vu
b | 2superallowed 0+0+
b-decayp-decay
n-decay
mirror T=1/2nuclei
(a)
(b)
(c)(d)
-0.5
0
0.5
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 A
dC
- d
C
[%
](S
V)
(HT
)
|Vud| & unitarity - world survey
H. Liang, N. V. Giai, and J. Meng, Phys. Rev. C 79,064316 (2009).
W. Satuła, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, M. Rafalski
Phys. Rev. C 86, 054314(2012).
I.S. Towner and J. C. Hardy, Phys. Rev. C 77,
025501(2008).
(a)
(b)
(c,d)
O. Naviliat-Cuncic and N. Severijns, Eur. Phys. J. A 42, 327 (2009); Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 142302 (2009).
The violation of CP-symmetry is responsible for the fact that the Universe is dominated by matter over anti-matter
Large intrinsic Schiff momentin octupole deformed 225Ra
two order of magnitude enhancement as compared to 199Hg
Dobaczewski & Engel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 232502 (2005)
Closely spaced parity doublet gives rise to enhanced electric dipole
moment
averaged over the intrinsic state
225Ra (Starting at ANL and KVI)
199Hg (Seattle, 1980’s – present)
Temporal variation of the fine structure constant a
Atomic limit (from atomic transitions) for the time-variations of a:Da/ < a 10-16 / year
Nuclear clock:
229Th
+ -7.6 0.5keV5/2+
3/2+
DVC is model dependent: s.p. HF models give 100keV-350keV pairing „kills” the effect (~1keV)
see: Litvinova .. Dobaczewski .. et al. PRC79, 064303 (2009)
Da/ < a 10-22 / year
From neutron-rich nuclei to neutron stars
Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkovequations set M(R) relation:
EoS serves as
input to TOV
Symmetry energy slopeis critical
Barcelona-Milano-Lublincollaboration (Warda)
PREX Direct measurement of
neutron radius in 208Pb by means of
parity-violating electron scattering (33+16fm)
-18
RCNPOsaka measurement of the electric dipole polarizability
in 208Pb
Erler (Nazarewicz, Rafalski UW/OR) et al. PRC87, 044320 (2013)
Heavy and super-heavy elements (SHE)(structure, barriers, shapes & spontaneous fission modes)
The group at NCNR (micro-macro):Sobiczewski, Skalski, Kowal, Patyk et
al. Highlight: prediction of SD oblate (SDO) minima in neutron-deficient Z>118 systems:
Lublin-WU/OR collaboration:Baran, Staszczak, Warda, Dobaczewski, Nazarewicz et al.
Viola-Seaborg estimates
Jachimowicz, Kowal, Skalski, PRC83, 054302 (2011)
Highlight: Spontaneous fission half lives of fermium isotopes:
The results come from HFB Skyrme SkM* calculations along q2 = <|Q20|> coordinate.
Left-right assymmetry and nonaxiality are included.
Mass parameters were obtained from cranking approximation to the adiabatic TDHFB.Staszczak, Baran, Nazarewicz,
PRC87, 024320 (2013)
The agreement in actinides is a conditio sine qua non for extrapolations to yet unknown SHE
sEF: reflection-symmetric fission pathways with elongated fragments
Example: competition between different SF modes in 306122
aEF: reflection-asymmetric fission valley that corresponds to asymmetric elongated fragments
Summary of SkM* results for the height of the inner fission barrier (EA), α-decay half-
lives (log10Tα), and SF half-lives(log10 TSF) of the dominant SF channel:
symmetric (S), asymmetric (A), or binary (B).
Staszczak, Baran, Nazarewicz, PRC87, 024320 (2013)
Densisty functional contains normal densities, anomalous density (pairing) and currents:
Density Functional Theory for superfluid systems and time dependent phenomena in
nuclei and quantum gases far from equilibrium.
Local density functionalfor unitary Fermi gas
Skyrme energy functional: SLy4, SkP…
Time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations
Presented calculations for unitary Fermi gas required over 200,000 cores of Titan (Oak Ridge Nat. Lab.)
1peta=1015 flops
Numerical solutions are possible due to efficient software, incorporating highly sophisticated
computer science solutions and the fastest computers
FINAL REMARKS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSAndrzej Baran, Jacek Dobaczewski, Witek Nazarewicz, Piotr Magierski,
Krzysztof Pomorski, Krzysztof Rusek, Janusz Skalski, Bartek Szpak, and Michał Warda are thanked for help in
preparing the talk
Adam Maj is cordially thanked … for setting me up
Polish nuclear structure theory:
strongly contributes to foreign research centers (Nazarewicz, Dudek, Danielewicz, Płoszajczak, Dobaczewski)
staff is aging – juniors (including PhD) constitute ~25% of the total staff
is internationally competitive
is focused on exciting, interdisciplinary, and relevant subjects
strongly contributes to PACs, white- and bluebooks, road maps etc
contributes to organization of meetings (Kazimerz)