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THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD Germans begin invasions of Russian
cities Leningrad and Moscow beginning June 1941.
Summer 1942: Germans invade Stalingrad, a major industrial city in southern Russia (access to oil fields)
First major turning point for the Allies
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD August 1942: Germans invade
Stalingrad with air raids and ground troops
Hitler’s Goals:1. Capture Soviet oil fields in the
Caucasus2. Destroy Stalingrad (a major industrial
center for the Soviets)
GERMAN INVASIONS OF RUSSIA
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD By November 1942, Germans control
9/10 of the city Soviet officers consider abandoning city
and destroying factories Stalin ordered Soviet troops to defend
the city at any cost
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD All is nearly lost for the Soviets in
Stalingrad UNTIL Winter sets in Winter allows Soviets time to regroup
and acquire fresh tanks to mount a counterattack.
Soviets closed around Stalingrad, trapping German troops and cutting off their supplies
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD Germans’ situation becomes hopeless Soviets lost a total of 1,100,000 soldiers
(more than all American deaths in the entire war)
Soviet army begins westward movement toward Germany
THE NORTH AFRICAN FRONT While the Battle of Stalingrad raged,
Stalin pressures Britain and America to open a ‘second front’ in Western Europe
Purpose: Why would Stalin want this?
‘OPERATION TORCH’ An invasion of Axis-controlled North
Africa commanded by General Dwight D. Eisenhower
In November 1942, ~107,000 Allied troops landed in North Africa
By May 1943, Axis troops surrendered
‘OPERATION TORCH
ITALIAN CAMPAIGN Summer 1943: Allies capture Sicily Mussolini is forced to resign But Hitler is determined to stop the
allied attack in Italy before they could get to Germany
‘Bloody Anzio’ – major battle near Rome
30,000 Axis casualties 25,000 Allied casualties
ITALIAN CAMPAIGN Allies faced strong resistance in Italy Italy not freed until 1945 (near end of
war)
CRITICAL THINKING #5 Read pp. 569 – 574 in your textbook In a two-paragraph response, describe
two military turning points for the Allies (U.S., Britain, and Soviet Russia) in WWII during 1942-1943. Explain how each military victory contributed to the Allied cause. (you may want to consider the territory that was won, access to resources, importance of industry during times of war, etc.)
‘D-DAY’ Under Eisenhower’s direction, the Allies
gathered a force of nearly 3 million British, American, and Canadian troops
Army is stocked with a massive amount of military supplies
Allies prepare for a massive invasion of Normandy
EISENHOWER’S TRICKERY Sets up a ‘Phantom Army’ Sends radio message to ‘Army’ in codes
he knew the Germans could read Orders ‘Army’ to attack Calais (strongest
section of Hitler’s ‘Atlantic Wall’)
‘D-DAY’ Why would it make sense for the Allies
to invade at Calais?