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Humayma, Jordan

South Jordanian Desert

110 degrees and still smiling !

Before

After

Humayma Jordan

Ceramics in the Field

Artifacts – Ceramic Pottery

• Clay deposits

• 10,000 years ago

• Artifact Most frequently found

• Different vessels for different purposes

Potsherds

• Sherds vs. Shards• Diagnostics: potsherds used for analysis• Typologies: How was it made and what

was it used for? (Shapes Decorations Fabric)

• Chronology: When was it made?• Petrography: Where was it made?

Typologies

• What part of the pot?

• What kind of pot?

• What was it used for?

• How old are the artifacts?

Who used it and what did they do with it ?

• Cooking, storage, eating and drinking• How a site or part of a site was used• Imported pottery was more expensive

– trade goods • can indicate affluence

– cuisine

Profiles Archaeological illistration

Front viewBlack line for the side wallBisecting lineShows Inside and outside

What were these pots used for?

• Grains and dried goods

Body Sherd

Diagnostics

• Handles• Rims• Collars• Bases• Body• Potter’s marks

• Uruk Period

Ancient Potsherds Sort – Diagnostics NAMES________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ GROUP SORT AND RECORD – count each sherd type Handles _____ Rims _____

Collars _____ Bases _____

Body _____ Decorated_____

INDIVIDUAL DRAWING Potsherd Number B__________________________

Type of Potsherd _______________

Measurements: L _____ x H _____ x W____ Shapes: Can you identify the shape of the vessel? ________________________________________________________________________

Sherd Count

• Handles

• Rims

• Collars

• Bases

• Body

• Decorated

Sort shapes and count

PotSherd NumberB 66. IX. 16,113

Dig site year excavated grid #artifact #

Unmarked Pottery = BZ

year excavated

Amphora The amphora was a two-handled vase used for storage and transport.

Krater "mixing-bowl" used for mixing wine with water.

Pithoi

Large Storage vessel

Jar – flat, pedestal or round bottom with or without handle

Cooking Pot Thick rim with rounded base

Plate –

BowlChalice – drinking vessel

How Old Are the Sherds?

BZ = Eastern Roman Empire 1,700 years old

IV = Greek/Persian 2,400 years old

VII = Israel 2,700 years old

I = Israel (time of King Solomon) 3,000 years old

IX = Egyptian (time of Pharaoh Tutankhamun) 3,350 years old

Stratigraphy

Mesopotamian Ceramics

Egyptian Ceramics

Canaanite Israelite

• Bronze Age Lamp

• Palestine during the Late Bronze Age is contemporary with Egyptian New Kingdom

• http://www.bu.edu/anep/lamps.html

Imported Pottery

Bilbils

Seriation • What came first and in what order did

things occur?

Greek Black Figure Ware Amphora

540 BCE

Painted Pottery

• Dionysus Holding a Kantharos. – Red-figure– The Berlin Painter

• c. 490-480 B.C.

Dive into History