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Progression in Subtraction
Whitley Excellence Cluster
January 2014
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Subtraction – Reception ELG • Using objects take a single digit
away.5 and 1 less is ?
5 and 2 less is ?
7 and 1 less is ?
4
4,3
6
6 7
6 take away 2 is 4.
• To say which number is one less than a given number.
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Subtraction – Reception ELG
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Count back one, two
Count back to find the answer
“Standing on eight and moving backwards two spaces”
5 - 2 =
8 - 2 =
1 2 3
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Subtraction Year 1
Repeat using a bead string
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Repeat using a number line
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Use a number track subtract a single digit number from 20
17 – 3 = 14
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Subtraction Year 1
Repeat using a bead string
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Repeat using a number line counting back 13
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Use a number track subtract a two digit number from 20
18 – 13 = 5
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Subtraction Year 1
Repeat using a number line. Highlight or place counters on the two numbers and count the jumps
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Use multilink to find the difference between two numbers
8 and 5
16 and 7
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Subtraction Year 1Missing numbers – using multilink
7 - = 5 7 = - 9
Use Numicon to overlap the corresponding numbers to find the difference
Missing numbers – Circles/ Mickey Mouse Ears
9
7 ?
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Subtraction Year 247 – 23 = Use empty number lines by counting back
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47262524
Then helping children to become more efficient by subtracting the units in one jump -10
-10
-1 -1 -1
-10
-10
-3
47372724
Then helping children to become more efficient by subtracting the tens in one jump
-20
-3
472724
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
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Subtraction Year 2
Counting back in 10s then 1s on a number square and number line48 - 35 =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
48
-30-5
1813
Using dienes equipment: 33 - 21 =
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Column subtraction – without exchange using tens and units
Subtraction Year 2 (last term)
74 – 23 =
70 + 4 20 + 3 50 + 1 = 51
Column subtraction – with exchange using tens and units
74 – 27 =
70 + 4 20 + 7
60 14
70 + 4 20 + 7 40 + 7 = 47
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Column subtraction (3 digit expanded)
– without exchange
Subtraction Year 3
767 – 341 =
700 + 60 + 7 300 + 40 + 1 400 + 20 + 6 = 426
Column subtraction – with exchange
974 – 627 =
900 + 70 + 4 600 + 20 + 7 300 + 40 + 7 = 347
60 14
587
-200-30
Counting back in 100s, 10s and 1s on a number line587 – 234 =
387357
-4
353