Immigration, Human Trafficking and Demographics: Balancing Interests in a Globalized World
Transcript
Slide 1
Slide 2
Immigration theories are contingent upon the idea of individual
economic improvement. As the world becomes more globalized and
interconnected, the competition for scarce resources between actors
becomes fiercer. Concurrently, the concern of national security is
more prevalent in the publics mind. New public policy solutions
must be devised to balance the positive economic effects of
immigration with concerns over national security.
Slide 3
Path to citizenship 10-year probationary period Merit-based
visa program Border Security first
Neoclassical Economics: Macro Theory Micro Theory New Economics
of Migration World Systems Theory
Slide 6
Other theories that postulate the existence of international
migration in order to expand upon the understanding of its
continuance are: Network Theory, Institutional Theory, Cumulative
Causation, and Migration Systems Theory
Slide 7
The influx of immigrant workers is a valuable aspect of the
supply side of economics Immigrant workers are willing to work jobs
with negative stigmas for lower wages The international competition
for jobs (in theory) drives up the quality of work The labor of
immigrant workers is a valuable aspect of our economy, especially
in agrarian markets
Slide 8
It strains governmental resources that are already stretched
thin Immigrants take jobs away from Americans Borders that are
relatively more open give easier access to terrorists Advancement
of the drug trade and drug wars on American soil Even though they
pose no direct security threat, the presence of millions of
undocumented migrants distorts the law, distracts resources, and
effectively creates a cover for terrorists and criminals.
Slide 9
Do the national security concerns outweigh the benefits
immigrants bring to our economy, or vice versa? If national
security is the driving force behind immigration reform, should our
efforts be focused on Mexico, or elsewhere?
Slide 10
In 2005 there was a sweeping national cry for Immigration
Reform, which the Senate was unable to pass This has resulted in a
bifurcated blowback Sanctuary Cities v. Minutemen President Obamas
executive order
Slide 11
Ad hoc admission of refugees fleeing communism after WWII
Executive branch was given considerable latitude in aligning
refugee admissions to foreign policy interests 1952 McCarren-Walter
Act 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act Restrictions on Mexico
-Interagency Task Force in 1977 - Select Commission on Immigration
and Refugee Policy in 1978 -Universal per country limits were
imposed -Immigration Reform and Control Act enacted in 1986 Border
Patrol programs -Operation Hold-the-Line -Operation Gatekeeper
-Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act
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Creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) with a
cabinet-level secretary -U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
(USCIS) -Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) USA
Patriot Act and the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform
Act (EBSVERA) -Facilitate screening of those seeking entry into the
country -Track their status once admitted -Verify their
departure
Slide 13
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Procedures allow
the Attorney General to approve emergency FISA surveillance and
search warrants at his discretion Terrorist activity is now used as
grounds for inadmissibility for entry into the country Consular
Lookout Support System (CLASS)
Slide 14
Redirect undocumented flows through proper channels Increase
screening and tracking capabilities to reduce the risk of terrorist
infiltration Congress appears to be projecting a get tough stance
on illegal immigration Attempt to bridge the gap by increasing
screening and tracking abilities while maintaining a generally
liberal posture vis--vis migration
Slide 15
2.1 is considered the replacement rate for a population - 2002
eastern Europe had a rate of below 1.3. The population would be cut
in half within 45 years Globally birth rates have fallen from 6.0
in 1972 to 2.7 Issues with an aging population - Strains on the
welfare state -Older work force -Fewer taxes -Immigration is a
temporary solution -Third world immigration invasion -The death of
western influence
Slide 16
Fundamental shift in womens natural role Families are waiting
longer to have children Inflexible labor market Increased financial
burden Little government help
Slide 17
Appeals to patriotism Financial incentives Flexible labor force
Immigration Planning for a gradual population decline Convince
people to work longer and prolong retirement
Slide 18
Cloud, or Silver Linings? How can an increasingly smaller youth
population support an increasingly larger elderly population?
Slide 19
What can be done about the problem of immigration? If the
forces of migration are contingent upon a global capitalist
economy, can there be a solution without a total overhaul of the
system?