Part 4: Setting the Stage for World War I Central-Eastern Europe Russian Revolution U.S. Imperialism & Isolationism System of Alliances
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► In the early years In the early years of the 20 of the 20 th th Century, Century, the area of the the area of the Balkans was known Balkans was known as the powder keg as the powder keg or tinderbox of or tinderbox of Europe. This was Europe. This was due to the volatile due to the volatile politics in this politics in this area. area. ► Divide a sheet of paper Divide a sheet of paper into 2 columns. In one into 2 columns. In one column, list the column, list the countries of the Balkans countries of the Balkans as they were at the as they were at the outbreak of WWI. In the outbreak of WWI. In the other column, list the other column, list the Balkan countries today. Balkan countries today. Warm-Up: The Powder Keg of Warm-Up: The Powder Keg of Europe Europe Before Before WWI WWI Present Present Day Day
Transcript
► In the early years of the In the early years of the 2020thth Century, the area of Century, the area of the Balkans was known the Balkans was known as the powder keg or as the powder keg or tinderbox of Europe. This tinderbox of Europe. This was due to the volatile was due to the volatile politics in this area.politics in this area.
► Divide a sheet of paper Divide a sheet of paper into 2 columns. In one into 2 columns. In one column, list the countries column, list the countries of the Balkans as they of the Balkans as they were at the outbreak of were at the outbreak of WWI. In the other WWI. In the other column, list the Balkan column, list the Balkan countries today.countries today.
Warm-Up: The Powder Keg of EuropeWarm-Up: The Powder Keg of Europe
Before WWIBefore WWI
Present DayPresent Day
► The main purpose of the 13The main purpose of the 13thth, 14, 14thth, and 15, and 15thth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution was to – Amendments to the U.S. Constitution was to –
a)a) Prevent state governments from limiting the rights of Prevent state governments from limiting the rights of African AmericansAfrican Americans
b)b) Establish freedom of speech and religion and the right Establish freedom of speech and religion and the right to peaceable assemblyto peaceable assembly
c)c) Give the right to vote to womenGive the right to vote to womend)d) Protect individuals who have been arrested from illegal Protect individuals who have been arrested from illegal
searches, excessive bail, and cruel and unusual searches, excessive bail, and cruel and unusual punishmentpunishment
TAKS Warm-Up: The Reconstruction AmendmentsTAKS Warm-Up: The Reconstruction Amendments
Part 4: Setting the Stage Part 4: Setting the Stage for World War Ifor World War I
U.S. Imperialism & IsolationismU.S. Imperialism & IsolationismSystem of AlliancesSystem of Alliances
Central & Eastern Europe: The Old OrderCentral & Eastern Europe: The Old Order►GermanyGermany
Constitution + 2-house Constitution + 2-house legislature (Lower House is legislature (Lower House is called the Reichstag)called the Reichstag)
Emperor and chancellor (Prime Emperor and chancellor (Prime Minister)Minister)
Emperor controlled the Emperor controlled the military, foreign policy and military, foreign policy and government businessgovernment business
Emperor Otto von Bismarck Emperor Otto von Bismarck and conservative forces tried and conservative forces tried to keep Germany from to keep Germany from becoming a democracybecoming a democracy
system w/ministerial responsibilitysystem w/ministerial responsibility Reality: Emperor Francis Joseph largely ignored Reality: Emperor Francis Joseph largely ignored
this systemthis system Austria still faced conflicts with various Austria still faced conflicts with various
nationalitiesnationalities►A small # of Germans governed Czechs, Poles and A small # of Germans governed Czechs, Poles and
other Slavic groupsother Slavic groups►Parliament gets agitated = encourages emperor to Parliament gets agitated = encourages emperor to
continue to ignore the parliamentcontinue to ignore the parliament
Central & Eastern Europe: The Old OrderCentral & Eastern Europe: The Old Order
►RussiaRussia Nicholas II believed in the absolute power of the Nicholas II believed in the absolute power of the
czarczar Industrialization started late but, picked up quick Industrialization started late but, picked up quick
►Industrialization came with negative side Industrialization came with negative side effects (horrible working & living conditions)effects (horrible working & living conditions)
►Socialist parties develop but, are repressed Socialist parties develop but, are repressed by the government and forced to go by the government and forced to go undergroundunderground
Central & Eastern Europe: The Old OrderCentral & Eastern Europe: The Old Order
Bloody SundayBloody Sunday►Winter Palace in Winter Palace in
St. Petersburg – St. Petersburg – People come to People come to peacefully protest peacefully protest and ask questions and ask questions and are shot by and are shot by Russian troopsRussian troops
►Nicholas is forced Nicholas is forced to grant civil to grant civil liberties and create liberties and create a legislature a legislature (Duma) – short-(Duma) – short-livedlived
January 22, 1905 – Bloody Sunday
The United StatesThe United States► After Civil WarAfter Civil War
EconomyEconomy►Shifted from agrarian to an industrial nationShifted from agrarian to an industrial nation►40% of population live in cities40% of population live in cities►Largest steel producer in the world Largest steel producer in the world ►Immigration: 11 million Europeans immigrate to Immigration: 11 million Europeans immigrate to
the U.S. (1870-1900)the U.S. (1870-1900)►9% of population control 71% of the wealth9% of population control 71% of the wealth
The New ImperialismThe New Imperialism► Imperialism: extension of a nation’s power – Imperialism: extension of a nation’s power –
direct control over vast territoriesdirect control over vast territories►Reasons:Reasons:
Source of industrial raw materialsSource of industrial raw materials Market for manufactured goodsMarket for manufactured goods Gain advantage over rival nationGain advantage over rival nation Social Darwinism: strongest country, strongest raceSocial Darwinism: strongest country, strongest race Religion: “White Man’s Burden,” Europeans had a Religion: “White Man’s Burden,” Europeans had a
moral responsibility to civilize primitive peoplemoral responsibility to civilize primitive people
►Expansion AbroadExpansion Abroad Samoan Islands become U.S. colonySamoan Islands become U.S. colony Hawaii is annexed for its sugar industryHawaii is annexed for its sugar industry U.S. acquires Puerto Rico, Guam and the U.S. acquires Puerto Rico, Guam and the
Philippines in the Spanish-American WarPhilippines in the Spanish-American War
New Imperialism – The United StatesNew Imperialism – The United States
International RivalriesInternational Rivalries►Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and
►Europe feared Germany would upset the balance of powerEurope feared Germany would upset the balance of power►Germany feared France would create alliances so they Germany feared France would create alliances so they
created an alliance with Austria-Hungary firstcreated an alliance with Austria-Hungary first►Bismarck maintained a separate treaty with Russia and tried Bismarck maintained a separate treaty with Russia and tried
to remain on good terms with Great Britainto remain on good terms with Great Britain►Emperor William II fired Bismarck and dropped the treaty Emperor William II fired Bismarck and dropped the treaty
with Russiawith Russia►This upset Russian so allied with FranceThis upset Russian so allied with France
►Triple Entente: Russia, France, and Great BritainTriple Entente: Russia, France, and Great Britain
Setting the Stage for WWISetting the Stage for WWI► 1878: Greece, Serbia, Romania 1878: Greece, Serbia, Romania
and Montenegro become and Montenegro become independent statesindependent states Bulgaria remains under Russian Bulgaria remains under Russian
protectionprotection Bosnia and Herzegovina remain Bosnia and Herzegovina remain
under Austria-Hungary under Austria-Hungary protectionprotection
Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina – Serbia is and Herzegovina – Serbia is outraged because they lose outraged because they lose chance to create a Serbian chance to create a Serbian KingdomKingdom
Russians supported the Serbs – Russians supported the Serbs – Emperor William II demands that Emperor William II demands that Russia accept the annexationRussia accept the annexation
Weakened by Russo-Japanese Weakened by Russo-Japanese War, Russia backs down but, War, Russia backs down but, vowed revengevowed revenge
