stored energy solutions for a demanding world

HTB Series

-- Innovative Power Solution For High Temperature Application

Green voice from the world

Greenhouse gases emission reduced by 15% till year 2012

CO2 emission reduced by 20% comparing with year 1996 till year2020

CO2 emission reduced by 20% comparing with year 2006 till year 2020

CO2 emission reduced by 20% comparing with year 2006 till year 2020

Environment efficiency index increased by 30% comparing with 873Bit/Joule of year 2007

CO2 emission reduced by 50% comparing with year 2007

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Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction - Key works for telecom operators

Energy consumption of cooling system

Reduce the energy consumption of Aircon is key factor for Telecom industry’s energy saving and emission-reduction

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Operation temperature range

Working environment analysis for BTS equipment

wireless equipment: Operating temperature: 5℃～55℃，Allowed Max working temperature: 50℃

Transmission equipment: Operating temperature: 0℃～45℃，normally work between 30℃～60℃

Power Supply：SMPS operating temperature -5℃～40℃A/C equipment: Max allowed operating temperature: higher than 50℃

Battery: Suggested working temperature 25℃，every 10℃increasing in operating temperature will cause battery life reduce 50%

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The Chief Scientist of Narada --- Mr. Herbert K. Giess

Leading scientist in battery industry – Ex chairman of IEC TC21

Most outstanding contributor for battery industry –Battery International 2004

Under the leadership of Mr. Herbert Giess, the HTB battery (High Temperature Battery) has been firstly invented by Narada R&D through 3 years hard-working.

Leader of HTB developing

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• Design for high temperature application(35 – 45degC ). Help to reduce energyconsumption

• Long life design for both floating andcyclic application.

• Excellent charge acceptance capability. Itis applicable for using at PSOC (partialstate of charge).

• Perfect to be applied to renewable energysystem or hybrid power system at toughcondition.

Features and applications of HTB

Energy saving solution with HTB

Energy consumption saving without impacting battery life

Traditional normal battery 7

√Innovative HTB battery

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CapEx (Capital Expenditures) Saving Calculation – Spain, Europe, New site

Site Type Scenario

CapEx Calculation

Battery CostCoolingFacitlity

CostInstallation Cost Subsidy Tax

Traditionaloperating

mode

Floating application in Europe, Air Conditioning is required

(2*150Ah)

Approx.USD1700

Approx. USD1000

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

HTB battery operating

mode

Floating application in Europe, fan cooling is required

(2*150Ah)

Approx. USD2500

Approx. USD100

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

CapEx Saving by using HTB battery USD100 per site

Notes:1. The installation cost, subsidy are considered as the same. But actually these cost in traditional operating

mode is even higher since the air conditioning is required to be installed.

Commercial Superiority – Floating application

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OpEx (Operating Expense ) Saving Calculation – Spain, Europe, New site

Site Type Scenario YearCapEx Calculation

Cooling cost

Battery Replacement

Cooling Replacement

Maintenance Fee

Other Charges

Traditional Operating Mode

Normal Battery Air Conditioning is required

1st year USD 1150 0 Same Same Same

2nd year USD 1150 0 Same Same Same

3rd year USD 1150 0 Same Same Same

HTB Battery Operating Mode

HTB-600 Batteryfan cooling is required

1st year USD 100 0 Same Same Same

2nd year USD 100 0 Same Same Same

3rd year USD 100 0 Same Same Same

OpEx Saving by using HTB battery

1st year USD 1050 0 0 0 0

2nd year USD 1050 0 0 0 0

3rd year USD 1050 0 0 0 0

Total Saving in 3 years USD 3150.00

Notes: 1. Cooling cost in traditional site in a year = 15kWh/D * 365D * 0.21USD/kWh = USD11502. Cooling cost in HTB site in a year = 0.05 kW *24h/D * 365D * 0.21USD/kWh = USD1003. Supposing both HTB battery and the normal battery can be used at above scenarios for 3 years respectively.4. Air Conditioning shall be replaced every 3 years5. Supposing the maintenance fee and other charges are the same in these two types of sites. 6. Commercial power is 0.21USD/kWh.

Summary: By using HTB battery instead of normal battery in Span site, totally operator will save OpEx – USD3150 for 3 years’ operation.

Commercial Superiority – Floating application

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CapEx (Capital Expenditures) Saving Calculation – India, Aisa, New site or replacement, with Air con.

Notes:1. The installation cost, subsidy are considered as the same. But actually these cost in traditional operating

mode is even higher since the air conditioning is required to operation more.

Site Type ScenarioCapEx Calculation

Battery Cost Air-Con Cost Installation Cost Subsidy Tax

Traditionaloperating

mode

Normal Battery (8 hours) + DG (16 hours), with Air Conditioner

Approx.USD3500

Considered as the same

Set to 25degC

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

HTB battery operating

mode

HTB-600 Battery (16 hours) + DG (8 hours), with Air

Conditioner

Approx. USD5500

Considered as the same

Set to 35degC

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

Considered as the same

CapEx Saving by using HTB battery USD-2000 per site

Commercial Superiority

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OpEx (Operating Expense ) Saving Calculation – India, Aisa, New site or replacement, with Air con.

Site Type Scenario YearOpEx Calculation

Diesel Cost Battery Replacement

Air-Con Replacement

Maintenance Fee

Other Charges

Traditional Operating Mode

Normal Battery (6 hours) + DG (18 hours), Air Conditioning is

required

1st year USD10285 0 Same Same Same

2nd year USD10285 0 Same Same Same

3rd year USD10285 0 Same Same Same

HTB Battery Operating Mode

HTB Battery (16 hours) + DG (8 hours), Air Conditioning is

required

1st year USD4790 0 Same Same Same

2nd year USD4790 0 Same Same Same

3rd year USD4790 0 Same Same Same

OpEx Saving by using HTB battery

1st year USD5495 0 0 0 0

2nd year USD5495 0 0 0 0

3rd year USD5495 0 0 0 0

Total Saving in 3 years USD16485.00

Notes: 1. Diesel cost in traditional site in a year = (Rs41/L X 2.1L/h X 18 h/day X365 days ) / (55Rs/USD) = USD102852. Diesel cost in HTB site in a year = (Rs41/L X 2.2L/h X 8h/day X 365 days) / (55Rs/USD) =USD47903. Supposing both HTB battery and the normal battery can be used at above scenarios for 3 years respectively.4. Air Conditioning shall be replaced every 2 years5. Supposing the maintenance fee and other charges are the same in these two types of sites. Actually, the Air

conditioner will consumed less power when set up to 35deg.C in HTB Mode.

Summary: By using HTB battery instead of normal battery in Indian site, totally operator will save OpEx – USD16485 for 3 years’ operation.

Commercial Superiority

1.5kW on-grid site in Spain with Traditional VRLA battery

1.5kW on-grid site in Spain with Narada HTB solution

7.5kW off-grid site in India with Traditional VRLA battery

7.5kW off-grid site in India with Narada HTB solution

Sustainable Cost Savings

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Commercial Superiority

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Main Challenges “failure modes” of BatteryMain Challenges “failure modes” of Battery◆positive plate: active decline

Active material soften

Plate utility Efficiency decrease

Grid CorrosionPlate

extension

loosen contact between

active material and grids

Active material

efficiency decrease

Capacity

decrease

◆negative plate: sulphation

sulphation

Active material efficiency decrease

Capacity decrease

◆electrolyte: dry out

Water

loss

Resistance between plates increase

Stronger electrolyte

Positive plate

corrosionCapacity

decrease

Electrolyte leakage

Battery failure

◆separator failureLower pressure and lost contact to plates due to leak of water

Capacity decrease

Battery failure

Dendrite penetrate

◆container,

valve agingSeal

failure

Air enter

(absorb O2)

Negative plate

capacity decreaseBattery

failure

thermal run away

Challenges of high temperature

Positive grid erosion Water loss of batteryThermal runawaySulphation of negative plate

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Impact factors of high temperature

Core technology – positive grid alloy

Special alloy innovation in superior anti-erosion performance （ Patent of invention：200810162171.9 ）

Appearance of different grid alloy after erosion

Research finds: Anti-erosion ability will be intensified after adding some elements

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Core technology – catalyst valve

Special catalyst valve applied to reduce secondary reaction and protect Negative

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Float Current at 40℃:Normal Batt: 180mAHTB Batt: 120mA

Core technology – case material

Normal plastic material (deformation: at 90℃)

High temperature material((deformation: at 100℃)

Innovation of high temperature case material（ Patent of invention：200810059699.3 ）

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Curves of heat deformation test

Special grid structure design

Core technology – grid design

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Less voltage drop, high specific surface, good cyclic performance, charge acceptance

Prevention for negative plate sulphation

Reduce recombination happened on negative plate

Core technology – negative active material

Enhance anti sulphation ability by changing active material component

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Test Result of HTB

Vodafone test Senario

55 ℃, 80% DOD,16 hours discharge, 8hours recharge time 20

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High temp. accelerate test

Test Result of HTB

1 cycle=at 55 ℃ , 10 times of 80% DOD , 16 hours discharge, 8hours recharge time+ at 25℃ , 1 time of 100% DOD capacity discharge test.

i.e. 1 big cycle equals to 11 cycles

InterTek Test Report – an international recognized 3rd party Test Authority

Notes: 1. Battery has been tested about 10 months, 20 daily discharge cycles and 21 times residue capacity determination.

Test Report

Test Result of HTB

Test Result of HTB

CMCC test Senario

55 ℃, 80% DOD, 8 hours discharge 16 hours recharge time 23

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Nor

mal

dis

char

ge a

nd c

harg

e cu

rren

t in

A

Elapsed 16:8 cycle test duration in hours

CMCC - One 8:16 cycle set8 : 16 cycles

+55 oC

+25 oC

C10 capacity

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High temp. accelerate test

Test Result of HTB

1 cycle=at 55 ℃ , 10 times of 80% DOD , 16 hours charge, 8hours discharge time+ at 25℃ , 1 time of 100% DOD capacity discharge test

i.e. 1 big cycle equals to 11 cycles

Comparison

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Comparison of Narada HTB, OPzV (tubular gel) and Regular VRLA batteries

Item 2V HTB Tubular-Gel battery (OPzV) Regular VRLA battery

Technologies AGM Gel AGM

Expected service life (35℃) 15 years 10 years 7.5 years

Operating Temp. -40℃ to 80℃ -40℃ to 55℃ -40℃ to 55℃

Initial Capacity ★★★ ★★ ★★★

Internal resistance ★★★ ★★ ★★★

High current performance ★★★ ★★★★★

Fast charge performance ★★★ ★ ★★

PSOC performance ★★★ ★★ ★

Water loss performance ★★★ ★★ ★★

Avoid thermal runaway ★★★ ★★★ ★★

Cycle life>80%DOD ★★ ★★★ ★

<80%DOD ★★★ ★★★ ★★

Float life ★★★ ★★★ ★★

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