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Perception
Selective Attention focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Implications fordriving and talkingon cell phone?
Selective Attention Example
In performing an experiment like this one on when attention you it read is the critically fine important print that you the realize material you that have is a being really read awesome by teacher the who subject makes for learning the fun relevant and task exciting is cohesive.
Selective Attention
Cocktail Party Effect Ability to attend to one voice among
many
Inattentional Blindness
Inattentional blindness – failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
http://viscog.beckman.uiuc.edu/grafs/demos/15.html
Change Blindness
Change deafness40 percent of people focused on repeating a list of words failed to notice a change in the person speaking
Change blindness – failing to notice a visual change when our attention is directed elsewhere
Choice Blindness
Choice Blindness2005 Study - Select the girl you find
more attractiveGiven the girl they did not choose and
asked to explain why they chose.13% noticed, the rest explained in
detail.Choice-Blindness Blindness
When asked, given a hypothetical study in which we switched them on you, would you notice? – 84% said yes.
Pop-Out Phenomenon
A distinct stimulusdraws our eye
Example: Namebeing said duringcocktail party
Perceptual Illusions
Other Perceptual Illusions
Perceptual Illusions
Perceptual Illusions
Perceptual Illusions
Perceptual Illusions
Perceptual Illusions
Visual Capture tendency for vision
to dominate the other senses Movie theater – we
perceive sounds as coming from the screen in front of us, not from the projector behind us
Perceptual Organization: Gestalt
Gestalt: an organized whole Gestalt Psychology: emphasizes our
tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
Perceptual Organization
Figure and Ground--organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)
Perceptual Organization: Gestalt
Grouping the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli
into coherent groups
Grouping Principles proximity--group nearby figures together similarity--group figures that are similar continuity--perceive continuous patterns closure--fill in gaps connectedness--spots, lines, and areas are
seen as unit when connected Simplicity – perceive objects in simplest forms
closure
Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles
Gestalt grouping principles are at work here.
Reification (Gestalt Property)
object is perceived as having more spatial information than is actually present in the original stimulus