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Earth’s Surface
Lithosphere-rocky outer layer of Earth including the crust and upper mantel.
Hydrosphere-all the water on Earth.
Spheres of Earth
A force that slowly wears away or breaks down mountains and other features on the surface of Earth.
Destructive Forces
The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces called sediment.
Weathering
The movement of sediment on Earth’s surface from one place to another.◦ Gravity◦ Running water◦ Glaciers◦ Wind◦ Ocean currents
Erosion
Water Erosion The higher the slope of a stream or river,
the more erosion will occur. (gradient) The more water in a river, the more erosion
will occur. (discharge)
Water Erosion
As these giant sheets of ice move, they carve into the surface of Earth, taking sediment with them.
Glacier Erosion
Events that build up Earth’s lithosphere and cause the land to rise.
Constructive Forces
Magma from volcanoes hardens to form igneous rock and volcanic mountains. (subduction)
Tectonic Plate Activity
When plates collide, the lithosphere can be folded up or down creating mountains.
Faults at transform plate boundaries can create mountains.
The process by which eroded sediment is dropped off or deposited in a new area. ◦ Gravity ◦ Water◦ Wind◦ Glaciers ◦ Ocean currents
Deposition