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-Microscopes- Types
Goals:1. Check your proficiency2. Develop proficiency3. Proficiencies include:
Knowledge about microscope:
A. typesB. partsC. careD. useE. theory of operation
Proficiency test:
If you pass this test, you have demonstrated proficiency in microscope knowledge.
Types of microscopesused in Science
There is a great number of different types of microscopes in use today. We are going to look at just a few which are “common” in use in schools, colleges and universities.
Dissection Microscope
Characteristics: low power 3-D (sterioscopic-binocular)$100-$500cannot see cells
Compound Light Microscope
Characteristics:Light poweredto 1000x2-D$150-$10,000
Confocal Microscope
Characteristics:Laser light poweredto 1000x3-D, digitally enhanced$20,000-$100,000
Scanning Electron Microscope
Characteristics:Reflected electrons100,000x3-D imagesubject is gold coated$50k up into the millions
TransmissionElectronMicroscope
Characteristics:electrons pass thru specimen200,000x2-D image$50k up into the millions
The vast majority of other types are used in limited research institutes. Some of these are:
Scanning probe•AFM: Atomic Force Microscopy•BEEM: Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy•EFM: Electrostatic Force Microscope •ESTM: Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscope •FMM: Force Modulation Microscopy•KPFM: Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy •MFM: Magnetic Force Microscopy •MRFM: Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy NSOM: Near-field Scannin Optical Microscopy•PFM: Piezo Force Microscopy •PSTM: Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
• PTMS: Photothermal Microspectroscopy/Microscopy• SAP: Scanning Atom Probe Microscopy• SCM: Scanning capacitance Microscope• SECM: Scanning ElectroChemical Microscopy• SGM: Scanning Gate Microscopy• SICM: Scanning Ion-Conductance Microscopy• SPSM Spin Polarized Scanning tunneling Microscopy• SThM: Scanning thermal Microscopy• STM: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy• SVM: Scanning Voltage Microscopy• SHPM: Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy• SSM: Scanning SQUID Microscope• RTM: Recurrence Tracking Microscope• SAM: Scanning acoustic microscope
Microscopes have many technological procedures which improve the results. Some of these include:
•Bright Field Microscopy•Dark Field Microscopy•Digital Microscope•Fluorescence interference contrast Microscopy•Fluorescence Microscopy•Laser Capture Micro dissection
Brightfield – light beamed from below
Dark field light hits object leaving back ground black.
Fluorescence MicroscopyShowing cheek cells stained with fluorescent dye.
New microscope technology is under constant development, thus the need for life long learning.
Multifocal plane MicroscopyPhase contrast Microscopy
Tungsten crystal showing atoms at 2,700,000 x