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BELL RINGER – 9/19
M.socrative.com – Room #38178
QUESTIONS: (multiple choice on devices) 1. Where did the Early Renaissance take
place? 2. What was there now a “set of rules” for? 3. Who were great patrons of Renaissance
artists and ideas?Binder Checks and Bell Ringer grades from the Elements of Art Unit will be passed back first thing tomorrow.
THE HIGH RENAISSANCEA Brief Overview
INTRODUCTION
Approximately 1495-1527
Rome, Italy
A new concept: the concept of “genius” Leonardo da Vinci (today) and
Michelangelo Buonarroti (Friday)
INTRODUCTION
The arts of the early Renaissance were now regarded as naïve – not enough!
High Renaissance artists felt that they had developed further than any artist that preceded them
THE PAPAL STATES
The Church wished to secure independence by increasing its temporal and political strength The power of the papacy now grew through war!!
The Renaissance popes spent lavishly to construct vast churches, huge palaces, and magnificent fountains
They hired the best artists and artisans, collected the best antiques, the most expensive jewels, and the most remarkable books and manuscripts
Rome increased in splendor and the pope increased in majesty
THE PAPAL STATES
The Church was now dependent on vast influxes of money to support its extravagance
It required new taxes, the worst of which was the sale of indulgences One of the many causes that led to the
Reformation in northern Europe (more later – late Renaissance)
HIGH RENAISSANCE ARTPart 1: Introduction, Da Vinci
INTRODUCTION TO HIGH RENAISSANCE ART
Tricks of perspective or stunning renditions of anatomy were no longer enough – need MORE
Figures are still individuals Godlike human beings, but all different and
beautiful in their own way
Artists tried to emulate rather than imitate All wanted to create something new
INTRODUCTION TO HIGH RENAISSANCE ART
Artists set out to develop a system of mathematically defined proportion and compositional beauty Again, enamored with measuring things!
Sought a harmony of parts – UNITY! Brand new idea!
Believed that the world of nature, as well as the universe, possessed perfect order
CHARACTERISTICS
Same as Early Renaissance with a few additions...
Includes a certain emotionalism that reflected the conflicts of the times Those corrupt popes...
Compositions were closed – line, color, and form kept the viewer’s eye continually redirected into the work as opposed to leading the eye off the canvas
The organizing principle of a painting was usually a geometric shape, such as a triangle or oval
LEONARDO DA VINCI
LEONARDO DA VINCI
1452-1519
At the age of 14, was an apprentice to Verrocchio, whose workshop was one of the finest in Florence. Verrocchio’s master was Donatello
Painted “Baptism of Christ” with Verrocchio. Da Vinci painted the young angel holding Jesus’ robe
in a manner that was so far superior to his master’s that Verrocchio put down his brush and never painted again
LEONARDO DA VINCI – BAPTISM OF CHRIST
LEONARDO DA VINCI
His paintings incorporated sfumato Sfumato: quality achieved by blending light and
shadow SMOOTH Transitions
One form disappears into another Low contrast
DA VINCI’S “VIRGIN ON THE ROCKS” Mary sits in the
midst of a dark world and shines forth from it
Protects the infant Christ, who blesses John the Baptist, whom the angel points
DA VINCI’S “VIRGIN ON THE ROCKS” Single central triangle
outlined in light
Leonardo takes the central triangle and gives it enough depth to make it a 3-d pyramid of considerable weight
DA VINCI’S “VIRGIN ON THE ROCKS” Light and shade are
delicately used, even though the highlights and shadows do not flow from consistent light sources
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER”
We looked at this the second day of school, but it looked a little different. This is how, we believe, the original looked.
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER”
Captures the moment at which the apostles are responding to Christ’s prophecy “one of you shall betray me”
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER”
Weak medium: Da Vinci’s oils, varnish, and pigments were not suited to the damp wall This is a Tempera (egg-yolk), but the oil paint didn’t cooperate.
Fresco would’ve been a better choice.
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER”
• The painting began to flake as early as 1517 (finished in 1498)
• Clouded by retouching• Defaced by a door cut through the wall at Christ’s feet• Bombed during World War II
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER”
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER” Human figures, not
architecture, are the focus Architecture creates
deep space
Christ dominates the center – focal point
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER” Is it a closed
painting?
All lines lead outward from his face, pause at various subordinate focal areas, reverse direction at the edges and return to the central figure Closed? Yes
DA VINCI’S “THE LAST SUPPER” Various postures,
gestures, and groupings of the disciples direct the eye from point to point
Figures emerge from the architectural background due to high contrast colors
• Surprisingly calm mood• Reflects the turbulence
of Leonardo’s own personality at this time
DA VINCI’S “MONA LISA” Leonardo’s most
famous work
Possibly the most famous painting of ALL TIME
WHY?!
REASON 1: THE BACKGROUND The background draws
us in almost more than the subject
The background reveals an exciting mountain setting full of dramatic peaks and valleys, winding roads which disappear, and exquisitely detailed natural forms receding into the mists
REASON 2. THE SUBJECT Unusual in its treatment
of the full torso with the hands and arms pictured, Three quarters of the
figure is pictured NEVER BEEN DONE –
usually full body portraits!
Marked a new format in Italian portraiture and provided a model which has been followed ever since
Larger, grander, and more natural portrait
2. THE SUBJECT Strong central
triangle
THE MONA LISA POSEThe Mona Lisa had a HUGE impact on
photography!
The Mona Lisa Pose!!!
THE MONA LISA POSE
Today we look at Mona Lisa’s pose and it seems fairly normal but for its day it was quite revolutionary as most portraits at
the time were rigid and stiff and generally side profiles rather than front
on
THE MONA LISA POSE
Mona Lisa is somewhat relaxed and at ease as she leans upon the arm of a
chair with her hands crossed in a relaxed fashion
THE MONA LISA POSE
While she’s slightly turned to one side, she sits open to the viewer holding their
eye
THE MONA LISA POSE
Also, unusual for the time was the fact that Leonardo went against the norm
with the framing of this image and opted for a three quarter length pose rather than a full length one. In this way, he filled the frame with his subject which lends itself to an intimate image and
little room for distraction.
THE MONA LISA POSE
One of the compositional elements that the portrait is known for is Leonardo’s use of triangular composition which
shows the subject with a wider base at her arms and hands and everything is in place to draw the eye up her body to her
eyes and infamous “smile”
THE MONA LISA POSE
Relaxed and at ease Slightly turned to one side Eye contact with the viewer 3/4s of her body in view Central triangle
THE MONA LISA POSE
Go through the magazines and find 2 examples of the “Mona Lisa Pose” in action Can be from articles, advertisements, anything!
Glue them to the plain piece of printer paper – briefly describe next to each photo HOW it resembles the “Mona Lisa Pose” Bullet points are fine
Turn in for a class-work grade
Examples … The first two are of ME
MONA LISA POSE EXAMPLES
¾ Length
Hands crossed in a relaxed fashion
Slightly turned to one side
Eyes make eye contact with the viewer
MONA LISA POSE EXAMPLES
Central Triangle
MONA LISA POSE EXAMPLES
¾ Length
Hands crossed in a relaxed fashion Though NOT sitting
on anything (not required!)
Slightly turned to one side
Eye Contact with the viewer
MONA LISA POSE EXAMPLES
Central Triangle
MONA LISA POSE EXAMPLES
• ¾ length pose
• Body slightly turned,
• Eye contact with the viewer
• Hands resting, relaxed
• Central triangle