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© ORCA Education Limited 2005
Micro-Nutrients Water and FibreMicro-Nutrients Water and Fibre
NewWords
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Vitamins Micronutrients are vitamins and
minerals. Vitamins are needed for good
health and growth. Most foods contain some
vitamins and eating a variety of foods should meet the needs of most people.
Vitamin deficiency is rare in Britain today.
There are two groups of vitamins:
water-soluble and fat-soluble.
Water soluble inc. vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and the B group.
Dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.
Water soluble inc. vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and the B group.
Dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.
Fat soluble
inc. vitamins A, D, E and K. Can be stored in the body
including the liver. *
Fat soluble
inc. vitamins A, D, E and K. Can be stored in the body
including the liver. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Why does she need vitamins?
Which foods have manufactured vitamins added to them? *
Which foods have manufactured vitamins added to them? *
Natural Antioxidants may reduce risk of cancer and heart disease.
Carrots, broccoli, vegetable oils, tomatoes, citrus fruits are some foods that are high in antioxidants.
Vitamins are vital for her health including:
bonesbones
teethteeth skinskin
body tissuebody tissue
bloodblood
nervous systemnervous system
energyenergy
fertilityfertility
healing woundshealing wounds
prevent anaemiaprevent anaemia
vitalityvitality
antioxidants.antioxidants.
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Minerals We eat for enjoyment but we must
also eat what our body needs. There are 19 different minerals
needed by the body. The main ones are calcium,
phosphorous, potassium, sodium and chlorides (table salt) and magnesium.
Some minerals are needed only in small amounts called trace elements such as iron, copper and zinc.
They each do different things which help to maintain body processes and body tissue.
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Calcium
What happens if the body is deficient in
calcium? *
What happens if the body is deficient in
calcium? *
Calcium is abundant in many foods and hard drinking water
The teeth and bones contain 99% of the calcium in the body.
It is also used for the heart, muscles and nervous system.
We need to eat enough calcium while bones are growing and thickening.
Elderly people who may suffer from osteoporosis also need calcium.
Vitamin D is needed for the absorption of calcium.
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Iron Iron forms part of
haemoglobin in red blood cells used for transporting oxygen around the body.
There are two forms:
Tea and coffee, phytates found in raw bran and phospho-protein in eggs will inhibit absorption.
Haem iron
Found in animal based foods, easily absorbed.
Haem iron
Found in animal based foods, easily absorbed.
Non-haem
Found in plant foods, not so easily absorbed but absorption is increased when eaten with
vitamin C rich foods.
Non-haem
Found in plant foods, not so easily absorbed but absorption is increased when eaten with
vitamin C rich foods.
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Cooking15%
Natural10% Processsed
Food75%
Salt
How can we cut down on our salt intake? *
How can we cut down on our salt intake? *
The body needs salt for water balance, nerve and muscle function.
Too much salt is linked with high blood pressure and heart disease.
The recommended daily intake is 6gms but the average is 9gms.
Where does the salt in our diet come from?
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Why do we need water? About 65% of our body is made of water. It is a major component of blood. We need water for body processes such
as digestion and excretion. Water helps regulate temperature e.g.
when we sweat.
We lose water and therefore it needs to be replaced or we would become dehydrated and unwell.
Foods contain water but we should drink about eight watery drinks a day.
What should we drink? *
What should we drink? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
NSP Dietary fibre is called non-starch
polysaccharide. Fibre is the non digestible part of
food which passes through the digestive system and keeps it functioning properly.
Insoluble fibre helps stools become soft and bulky and helps waste move through the large intestine.
Soluble fibre helps control blood sugar and reduce blood cholesterol.
Both may help prevent bowel disorders e.g. constipation and bowel cancer.
What foods are high in fibre? *What foods are high in fibre? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Dietary Reference Values DRVs are estimates of the amount of energy and
nutrients needed by different groups of healthy people.
These were based on advice given by the Committee of Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy(COMA) in the 1990s
The DRVs for this 18 year old girl are:
saturates less than 11%
saturates less than 11%
NME sugars 11% of food energy
NME sugars 11% of food energy
dietary fibre 12-24g
dietary fibre 12-24g
plus vitamins and minerals. *
plus vitamins and minerals. *
protein 45g
protein 45g
starch 39% of food energy
starch 39% of food energy
energy 2110kcalenergy
2110kcal
fats less than 35% of food energy
fats less than 35% of food energy
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Nutrient Requirement
Nu
mb
er
of
Peo
ple
Nutrient Requirements Not everyone needs the same amount of any nutrient This diagram shows how the nutrient requirements of the
population of a country like the UK would look if plotted on a scatter graph.
Lower Reference Nutrient Intake
Lower Reference Nutrient Intake
Estimated Average Requirement
Estimated Average Requirement Reference
Nutrient IntakeReference
Nutrient Intake
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
Recommended Daily Amounts Nutrition food labels do not refer to DRVs. Most packaging only have recommended
daily amounts or guideline daily amounts. This is in accordance with the Food
Labelling Regulations 1984.
What information is given on this cereal packet
about nutrition? *
What information is given on this cereal packet
about nutrition? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
VocabularySome words or terms to learn
Micro-nutrients Vitamin deficiency Antioxidants Body processes Nervous system Osteoporosis Phytates High blood pressure Dehydrated
Cholesterol DRV Nutrient requirements LRNI EAR RNI Recommended daily amount *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
The Task You can enter here a task for your students.
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved
End
Acknowledgements
All images used in these presentations are the property of their owners, ORCA Education Limited and suppliers inc. Hemera Images, Jupiter Media Corp. and Animation Factory All rights are reserved. The Licence agreement applies to all elements of these presentations.
ORCA.VT is a trademark of ORCA Education Limited
Microsoft Agent is the property of Microsoft Corporation, Redmond WA. ORCA Education Limited are licensed distributors of Microsoft Agent technology Licence 276899. The Microsoft Agent Technology elements including Peedy character may not be distributed
beyond the constraints of this product licence
Microsoft Agent characters Susan and Tom are packaged with this product as part of the Vox Proxy development tools used by ORCA Education. They are not for resale or distribution beyond their use in these products
EndShow