Chapter 2Part 1

Jamestown Settlers spent lots of time looking for

gold and silver Didn’t pay attention to their crops Disease, poor leadership, bad

leadership made the number of survivors decline by ½

Men didn’t want to work Problems with Indians

The Starving Time Captain John Smith

made new leader of Jamestown; he:› Made new strict laws/rules› Protected the settlement› Informed men “No Work,

No Food” Smith got hurt at one

point and had to return to England

New Hope for Jamestown Settlers were going to leave

Jamestown However three new ships

arrived carrying:› More men to help› New Supplies

Lord Delaware was made governor

John Rolfe married princess Pocahontas and planted tobacco (major money crop for the colonies)

Tobacco was in huge demand in England

In 1619 several things took place:› General assembly formed (House of

Burgesses) Colonists could pick representatives

› 90 women brought over the Jamestown to marry the men

› Introduction of slaves to the New World

Chapter 2Part 2

The Plymouth Colony

Settlers tried to settle in New England however faced problems that made them return home› Poor planning by leaders› Very harsh cold winter

Religious Problems Grow Pilgrims – were openly against King’s religious

practices› Treated very badly by king› Wanted to go to the New World

Pilgrims Make Plans› Investors paid their way to the New World; however

they do to go under certain conditions: Had to settle on the land owned by the London Company Had to work for 7 years and give all profits back to the

investors After 7 years they would be free

The Mayflower Compact› Elected a leader (John Carver)› Created on of the first democracy’s› They were setting up their own government› However this didn’t overcome all their problems

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Puritan Colony Made of well educated,

upper class people 1629 Puritans leave for

New World Created Massachusetts

Bay Colony John Winthrop chosen

as governor Colony did well and

grew rapidly

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English Colonies Grow in Number

Puritans wanted religious freedom however wouldn’t give it to others

All colonists were expected to follow puritans way or they were punished

Several groups decided to venture out on their own

Providence

Due to strict policies people were unhappy

Roger Williams was forced to leave so he started the Providence Colony› He created a 100% true democracy (1636)› He established the first complete freedoms

for a colony

Connecticut

2nd group broke off from Puritans, went to Connecticut

Thomas Hooker was their leader Established Connecticut Colony in 1636

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Maryland (1634) Funded by companies

interested in trade Noblemen would

“basically” own the colony› George Calvert (then his

son) Cecilius Calvert were in charge of Maryland

› He created the Toleration Act; which gave equal religious freedom to all colonists

Carolina (1663)

Was wanted to grow different crops Charleston became a major port Although there was continuous

problems in the colony› The colony was divided in 1729, and

became North and South Carolina

Georgia (1733) Many poor people were imprisoned for

small offenses in England James Oglethorpe wanted to take these

people and start a colony› Arrived in Savannah, Georgia› Georgia had a great climate and land› This attracted many people

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New York (1609)

Began as a Dutch colony Grew very slowly (strict land ownership

policies) English forced Peter Stuyvesant (Dutch

governor) to give up land In 1664 English took over colony and

renamed it after the Duke of York

New Jersey (1702)

Also claimed by Duke of York Tow of his friends settled there and it

was split for them forming an east and a west New Jersey

Came back together as one colony in 1702

Pennsylvania (1681) Given to William Penn by the King

because the King owed him money Named Pennsylvania after Penn; means

“Penn’s woods” Penn was a Quaker that believed in

equality of all men and freedom to elect all public officials

Philadelphia (located in Pennsylvania) became known as “the city of brotherly love”

Delaware Duke of York also gave William Penn

Delaware Gave Pennsylvania access to Atlantic

Ocean Established as a separate colony; they

however didn’t manage their own affairs until much later

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The Colonies Grow Larger

Settlement of the thirteen colonies happened between 1607-1733

Settlement was slow because of poor traveling conditions and Indians

Settlers came from many different countries

America became known as a place of safety and refuge

Desire for freedom and success brought many people to America

Colonial Life Develops

Settlers were working hard to make a good life for themselves

Northern Colonies

Small farms (rocky soil and long, cold winters

Successful occupations were:› Ship building› Lumbering› Fishing› Trading› Iron works

Southern Colonies

Plantations (very large farms) were very successful due to the warm climate, fertile soil, and broad lowlands

Money crops were:› Rice› Tobacco› indigo

Middle Colonies

Mix of northern and southern conditions

Linked northern and southern colonies Grew lots of grains; became known as

“bread basket”