starter activity
Explain how each event helped the Nazis establish control. What’s missing?
Reichstag Fire, Feb 1933
Enabling Act, March 1933
Night of the Long Knives, June 1934
Death of Hindenburg, August 1934
The use of terrorThe use of propaganda
Cult of the Fuhrer
Persecution of ‘undesirables’
Nuremberg Law, 1935 & Kristallnacht, 1938
Families,
education and
Children!
How well did the Nazis control the hearts & minds of
young people?To explain why millions joined the
Hitler Youth – and some didn’tTo find out how the Nazis
controlled schools & education
Aims
Typical members of the Hitler Youth (Hitler Jugend, HJ)
League of German Maidens
Example activities
Your task Read p. 130-1 and make a note of
the reasons why so many young people joined the Hitler Youth movement.
Reasons for the popularity of Hitler Youth
Tradition of youth groups in Germany (Volk culture)
Alternative youth groups closed
From 1936 membership compulsory
Well organised – different groups for different ages
Hitler Youth, League of German Maidens
1939 – 8 million members!Baldur von Schirach – Leader of Hitler Youth
Range of activities – games, sports, physical education, parade, camping – all appealed to young people
Children were brainwashed into loyalty to Führer
Fed anti-Communist & anti-Semitic hatred Children believed they were helping the
war effort
Hitler Youth soldiers played a crucial role in the defence of Berlin, 1945
Not all youths supported the Nazis. Why would these young people have attracted the attention of the Nazi authorities?
Your task Did everyone support the Hitler
Youth? Read p.151 in your text book and note the reasons why the Nazis would have been horrified by the behaviour of some young people.
Opposition from youths Swing clubs – disrespectful to the
Führer, e.g. ‘Heil Benny’ greeting Edelweiss Pirates – bullied members
of the Hitler Youth Some youths sheltered deserters &
escapees White Rose group – distributed Nazi
propaganda
Not all youths supported the regime – Sophie Scholl and her brother Hans, members of White Rose
Homework – part I Write your own Hitler Youth diary.
Refer to the following things in your account:
Different types of organisations (including the illegal ones)
Typical activities – fun & military Attitude to the Fuhrer Things you learned about opponents
of the regime How you helped the war effort
Plenary Give 3 examples of typical Nazi
activities List 2 different types of youth
organisations List 2 rival youth organisations Give 3 reasons why so many young
people joined the Hitler Youth Do you think all young people
actually supported the Nazis?
starter activity
What do these images tell us about the role of women under the
Nazis?
Your task Read p.136-7 and note down the
ways in which women were encouraged to help the regime.
Gertrude Scholtz-Klink, Head of Nazi Women’s Bureau
Role of women Didn’t work – women were encouraged or
forced to leave their jobs, e.g. all women doctors sacked
Good housewives – used leftovers, prepared ‘Eintopf’ meal
Good mothers – healthy, promoted traditional family values, ‘Honour Cross of German Mothers’
Dressed in traditional German clothes Brought up children to worship Führer &
join Hitler Youth
What would children in Nazi schools have been taught?
Your task Read p. 134-5 and create a spider diagram
noting down the changes the Nazis introduced to schools. Include these headings:
Teachers Types of schools Education for Jews Education for girls PE History Biology Geography RE
What clues does this cartoon from Nazi Germany provide about changes that
were introduced to schooling?
Plenary You are the head of a new Nazi
school. Design a new timetable for your school giving due importance to subjects the Nazis endorsed and reducing the number of hours for those they thought were less important.
Homework Complete the second section of your
diary. It should be at least 1 side of A4 in total. Include references to the following:
Jewish students Subjects studied Special schools Teachers
