An Introduction to Chemistry

SWBAT describe and diagram an atom; including labeling its subatomic particles.

SWBAT give examples of elements and explain how they are organized on the periodic table.

SWBAT define matter and provide examples. SWBAT compare and contrast molecules and

compounds. SWBAT describe atomic motion of solids,

liquids and gases and how this relates to temperature.

Objective(s):

1) Chemistry: the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed. Chemists study the interaction between the substances and the new substances formed when they interact.

2) Atom: the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of the element. Composed of protons, neutrons and electrons.

3) Element: a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. Elements make up the periodic table.

New Vocabulary:

Atoms https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSCX78-8-

q0https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA4QWwaweWA

AtomsAtoms make up everything that we can hear, see, touch, smell and feel. Atoms are so small; a thin piece of aluminum foil is 200,000 atoms thick!!!

ElementsElements are made up of only one type of atom.There are over 100 known elements, 92 of which occur naturally. Occur as solids, liquids and gases.

4) Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass.

5) Phases of matter: solid, liquid, gas6) Molecules: form when two or more atoms

bond together. Molecules may be formed by two atoms of the same element that are bonded together or by atoms of different elements bonded together.

7) Compound: a substance containing atoms of two or more elements chemically combined.

New Vocabulary:

Matter is all the physical things in the universe.

Matter is composed of atoms. Atoms are composed of subatomic particles

called protons, neutrons and electrons. ◦Protons: positively charged particles in the

nucleus of an atom.◦Neutrons: particles with no charge located in the

nucleus of atoms.◦Electrons: negatively charged particles located

in the energy levels of an atom. Matter can be a solid, liquid or a gas.

Main Ideas

Subatomic Particles

Subatomic Particles

Elements are composed of only one type of atom. (ex. Gold)

The Periodic Table lists all elements known to man & is organized by atomic number (# of protons)

Molecules such as oxygen gas are made of more than one atom but are both the same type of element.

Molecules such as water are made of more than one type of atom bonded together.

Main Ideas

Compounds are composed of two or more types of elements chemically combined.

Phases of Matter:◦Solids: atoms are very attracted to each other;

locked in fixed positions, can only vibrate.◦Liquids: atoms are attracted to each other; they

stay close together but can slide past each other and are not locked in fixed positions like solids.

◦Gases: attractions are too weak to keep atoms together; they move around, bouncing off the sides of a container and each other.

Main Ideas

Molecules Vs. Compounds

Atomic Motion of Phases of Matter

As temperature increases when heating a substance the atoms move more and become spaced further apart.

As temperature decreases and a substance becomes colder, the particles slow down and become more attracted to one another again.

Main Ideas