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Medici Dynasty ends in 1492 End of “Golden Age”
Medici Family survives in Church
Florence controlled by Savonarola
Savonarola
Renaissance Rome
Center of the “High Renaissance”(1500-1525) Break from antiquity Peak of skill
Art to reproduce the natural world
Strong secular Popes Ambitious members of
powerful families Outspend previous Pope
PATRONAGE
Convergence of extreme talent Leonardo, Michelangelo,
Raphael, Bramante, Titian
Vatican Museum and Sistine Chapel
Julius II – The Warrior Pope
Aggressive foreign policy Reinstate control over
Papal States
Large scale building projects St. Peter’s Basilica
Great patron of the arts Sistine Chapel ceiling Raphael Rooms in Vatican
St. Peter’s Basilica - Rome
Largest church in the world
668 ft long nave 137 ft wide dome 430 ft tall
Site of remains of Saint Peter
One of the most holy sites in Western Christendom
Construction begun by Pope Julius II, 1506
Pope Leo X
A Medici Pope.
Giovanni de Medici (1513-1521)
Son of Lorenzo
Spends the entire Papal bank account in one year Started selling
Indulgences to pay for St. Peters
“God gave us the
papacy, so let us enjoy
it!”
Leonardo da Vinci – THE Renaissance Man
Artist, Sculptor, Engineer, Architect, Scientist, Inventor The “L’uomo Universale”
Dissected human corpses
Worked largely in Florence and Milan
Spent later years in France with Francis I as a patron
Raphael Sanzio 1483-1520
Died at age 37
Most famous works are frescoes in the Vatican Palace Raphael Rooms Fresco: A type of painting
which is painted onto wet plaster
Portraits and Madonnas
St. Peter’s architect after Bramate
Michelangelo Buronatti Sculptor
La Pieta David Tomb of Pope Julius II
Painter Sistine Chapel Ceiling Last Judgement
Architect St. Peter’s Basilica Medici Chapel
Rival of da Vinci
"His nature was so rough and uncouth that his domestic habits were incredibly squalid, and deprived posterity of any pupils who might have followed him."
“I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free.”
Sistine Chapel Today
"After four tortured years, more than 400 over life-size figures, I felt as old and as weary as Jeremiah. I was only 37, yet friends did not recognize the old man I had become."
Sistine Chapel Ceiling
Commissioned by Julius II 40 Sculpture Tomb
Painted between 1508-1512
12,000 square feet
9 Scenes from the Book of Genesis: 3 Creation, 3 Adam/Eve, 3 Noah
The Last Judgment
Covers entire wall behind altar in Sistine Chapel
1537-1541 Post Reformation
view of Christianity
Nudity and Social Status “Fig Leaf Campaign”
Departure from traditional last judgment scenes
“It was mostly disgraceful that in so sacred a place there should have been depicted all those nude figures, exposing themselves so shamefully…more appropriate for the public baths and taverns."
-Biagio da Cesena
Minos – Judge of Hades Donkey ears SerpentCesena: “He painted me in Hell.
You have to get me out of Hell!”
Pope: “I can get people out of purgatory, but only God can get you out of Hell!”