Unit 4: Energy & Resources

Think about it…1. What is energy?

_____________________________________________________________2. Does energy come in different forms?

_____________________________________________________________3. What do we need energy for?

_____________________________________________________________4. Can we make energy?

_____________________________________________________________5. Is all energy the same?

_____________________________________________________________6. Where does energy come from?

_____________________________________________________________

Nature of EnergyEnergy is all around you!

- You can hear energy as _________________.- You can _____________________ as light.- You can feel energy as ________________.

You use energy when you: - _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________

Living organisms need energy for _____________ and ___________________.

Energy is involved when: - _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________- _____________________________________

What is Energy? Energy = __________________________________

If an object or organism does work (______________________________ to move an object) the object or organism uses energy.

All energy can be categorized as Potential or Kinetic energy. - Potential energy is _____________________________________________. - Kinetic energy is ______________________________________________.

Classify the following as a type of potential or kinetic energy

1. A bicyclist pedaling up a hill _______________ 2. An archer with his bow drawn ______________3. A volleyball player spiking a ball ____________4. A baseball thrown to second base ____________5. The chemical bonds in sugar ________________

6. The wind blowing through your hair __________7. Walking down the street ____________________8. Sitting in the top of a tree ___________________9. A bowling ball rolling _____________________10.A bowling ball sitting on the rack ____________

Energy Kinetic or Potential How is it used? Chemical

Electrical

Electromagnetic

Thermal/Radiant

Nuclear

Mechanical

Gravitational

Elastic

Sound

Name each type of energyA:_____________________B:_____________________C: _____________________D: _____________________E: _____________________F: _____________________G: _____________________

Why should we protect Earth’s environment? Earth’s environment includes all of the _______________________, influences and conditions near its surface. Basic resources include: _________, water, ____________, and sunlight

Earth contains _________________________ and nonrenewable resources.

Renewable resources can be _______________________ in nature at a rate close to its use. Examples include: Oxygen, ____________, food, and _____________.

Nonrenewable resources exists in a ______________________ that ___________ be replaced by nature, at the same rate that it is used. Examples include: fossil fuels, ___________, nonmetals, and _______________.

Resource Consumption in the United States of AmericaYou alone consume ______________ pounds of minerals each year.

Examples: Stone and cement: ________________Silicon: Fiber Optics and ComputersFertilizers: ___________________Aluminum: Cars, Trucks, etc.

What is an ore?Any rock that contains enough of a __________________________ to make separation profitable.

Examples: 1.2.3.

A _________________ is the known deposits of a ________________ in ores that are worth ________________.

Mining of ores occurs both in underground ________________ and near the ____________ through open pit mines.

U.S. Energy Use by Source1. What percentage of coal is used in the U.S.? ____________________________2. What are the three types of fossil fuels? ________________________________

Fossil FuelsFormed from the remains of living organisms that _______ on Earth ___________ of years ago. These include coal, ________, and natural gas.

Fossil fuels are nonrenewable. They are finite, found in _____________ amounts in specific locations on Earth.

Most of the world’s energy come from _________________________.

Most electrical energy is produced as a result of ______________ fossil fuels.

The fossil fuels are _______________ to boil water in order to make __________.

CoalOrganic __________________, formed from the decayed remains of __________. Examples: Ferns, _____________, Trees

Where is coal found in the United States? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Fast Facts: - The ______________________ about 1.1 billion tons (20%) of the world’s

coal. China is second. - Coal deposits contain more energy than that of all the world’s _____

reserves. - Each person uses ______________ of coal each year.

Coal and the Environment: Coal has a reputation as a _________________ source which ______________ the air and damages the landscape.

Coal suppliers are utilizing: - Land Reclamation- Reduction of ________________

Coal releases large quantities of _____ into the atmosphere = _________________This can cause ______________________.

Releases other pollutants into the atmosphere including: _______________________________________________________________________________________

Can cause ________________

Trade OffsFill in the chart belowAdvantages Disadvantages

Oil (Petroleum)Liquid formed more than ________________ years ago from the remains of:

___________________ (sea creatures the size of a pin head) which converted sunlight directly into stored energy.

Where is oil found in the United States? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What products are produced from 1 barrel or petroleum? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

List five petroleum products you can find in your home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Oil and the EnvironmentAir and water ___________________

Exploration and drilling may disturb _________ and _____________ habitats. _________________ into rivers or oceans harms wildlife.

Storage tank or pipeline leaks will enter the ground requiring ________________.

Burning of oil as ________ results in the production of __________, which is linked to ___________________.

Trade OffsFill in the chart belowAdvantages Disadvantages

Natural GasOrganic matter (remains of _________________) is compressed under the Earth, at very high _______________ for a very long ___________.

Where is natural gas found in the United States? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Fast Facts: - Usually found _________________ beneath the surface of the Earth. - Natural gas has many applications, commercially, in your _____________,

and even in the transportation sector!

Natural Gas and the EnvironmentCleanest of all fossil fuels since it is composed primarily of _______________ and breaks down through ___________________ into carbon dioxide and water vapor.

FrackingThe process of ______________________ underground, then forcing liquids nito the ground to force gas or oil to rise.

NuclearNuclear fission: an atom’s nucleus is ___________________________ releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the form of both ___________ and ___________.

Fast Facts: - Currently ______ nuclear power reactors are found in _____ different

countries. o Combined these have the potential to create _________________ of

energy. o Overall these reactors provide _____ of the world’s electricity.

- Currently _______ reactors are under construction in ____ different countries.

o Most of these are being built in ________ and parts of former Soviet Union.

- Only certain kinds of atoms are suitable for the development of a nuclear chain reaction. The two most common are ___________________________________________________________________________________

Trade OffsFill in the chart belowAdvantages Disadvantages

Coal vs. NuclearFill in the chart belowCoal Nuclear

Concerns about Nuclear Power- Accidents have raised questions about __________________

o Type and degree of damage vary with _______________________________________ _______________________________________

o Because mutations are permanent, radiation effects may __________________ over years and only appear later in life.

- Contamination and _______________________ problems- Plants may be terrorist targets

o Spent fuel storage facilities have________ total radioactivity than the reactor.

Thermal Pollution is the _________________ of waste heat to the environment.

Is it the end of the fossil fuel era? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________