1590 Hans Jansen and
Lacharias Jansen
1655 Robert Hooke
1665
Micrographia
Robert Hooke
” Cell ”
! Cell Doctorine 1838
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
1673 (1677)
1931 Max Knoll Ernst A.F. Ruska
Leeuwenhoek http://teslabar.blogspot.jp/2011/07/blog- post_03.html
Hooke http://
www.pyonta.city.hiroshima.jp/blog/pages/number/268.html
!!
10-1 d deci 10-2 c centi 10-3 m milli 10-6 µ micro
10-9 n nano
10-12 p pico
10-15 f femto
10-18 a atto 10-21 z zepto
10-24 y yocto
1024 Y Yotta 1021 Z Zetta 1018 E Exa 1015 P Peta 1012 T Tera 109 G Giga 106 M Mega 103 K Kilo 102 H Hecto 101 D Deca
10-2 c centi10-3 m milli10-6 µ micro10-9 n nano10-12 p pico
0.1 mm (2~3 µm)
0.2 µm " = 400 nm n sin # = 1.4 0.025 µm
" = 0.004 nm 0.002 nm
, 0.1 nm
Resolution : 2
=0.61 " n sin#
" = n sin # = n =
# =
Fraunhofer W = 0.61 /
Rayleight
http://www.tuat.ac.jp/~katsuaki /el/EL2008/slide_hikari04.pdf
!! 400~700 nm
!! !! !! !! !! !!
!! 0.004 nm 0.002 nm
!! !!
http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/ISASnews/No.204/ken-kyu.html
$
DIC
2 2
DIC2
2
2 a b
収縮胞 微小管 トリコシスト食胞(DV-1)核 マイオネーム
e-e
収縮胞 微小管 トリコシスト食胞(DV-1)核 マイオネーム
http://www.nikon-instruments.jp/jpn/PRODUCTS/OPTION/INDEX1.ASPX
収縮胞 微小管 トリコシスト食胞(DV-1)核 マイオネーム
DAPI: DNA GFP: green fluorescence protein
CFP, YFP: GFP FITC: fluorescein isothiocyanate
Rhodamin: Phalloidin
Alexa: Alexa Fluor
RFP: red fluorescence protein Cy3, 5: cyanine
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation = = =
http://home.s00.itscom.net/large/ELEC/laser/index.htmlhttp://home.s00.itscom.net/large/ELEC/laser/index.html
http://bioimaging.jp/learn/023/
scaninng
nm
XY Z
nm
Z
http://bioimaging.jp/learn/023/
DAPI
GFP
Fluorescence in situ Hybridization
Fluorescent Recovery after Photobreach
~100 kV
~0.004 nm
= Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
TEM
: OsO4
Quetol 812
80 over night
or 90 nm
2
75 kV
~10 kV
TEM
= Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
SEM
: OsO4
CO2 t-
5 kV
http://hr-inoue.net/zscience/topics/sem/sem.html
269!
90!
http://www.tech.nagoya-u.ac.jp/event/h23/Vol07/hon_secur/OSEI-1_s.pdf
P
E
PS ES
books.google.co.jp/books?isbn=0123743206