Architectural Drawing and Graphics IADG I| 1201505
Building Components and Materials: Annotations and Conventions
Sem.IUnit 2: Graphic language and its Components
Architectural annotations and conventions for representation of various;
Building Materials andBuilding Components
Sem.IStructure of the Presentation..
Definition: Annotations & Conventions
Aim/Goal of the Presentation Building Types: As per Uses and type of
Construction Components of a common Building: Detailed
description of each component Material Conventions for depiction Plan, Elevation, Section in a drawing.
Sem.ILanguage/CommunicationAnnotations: Notation, Notes, comment, explanation, presentational markup. A comment or
instruction metadata attached to
text, image, or other data. Often annotations refer to a specific part of the original data
Sem.I
Conventions: Patterns or Rules- Punctuation, Grammar, Usage, Formatting.. A way in which
something is usually done.
An Agreement
Architectural Communication
Sem.IAIM /GoalTo realize the Architectural Standards for denoting a perfect and complete drawing..
Types of Architectural Drawings: Illustration of an Idea Presentation Drawing Working Drawing Corporation Drawing (for Sanctioning)
Sem.IBuilding Types/UsesAs per National Building Code, major building uses; Residential Building Educational Building Assembly Building Institutional Building Industrial Building Commercial Building Storage Building Infrastructure
As per Construction type / materials, major building types;Solid or ‘traditional’
constructionStructural steel frame
constructionReinforced concrete
constructionModular system constructionPortal frame constructionComposite construction
Sem.IComponents of a Building...Common Building Materials: Brick, Block, Stone, Concrete, Timber, Metal..Other materials: Fibre, Plaster, Asbestos, Plywood, Block, Plastic..
Sem.IComponents of a Building...
A Building can be broadly divided into two parts; Sub-structure (portion below ground, transmit load to ground) Super-structure (portion above Plinth level)
Building components can be summarized as;
• Foundations• Plinth• Walls• Columns & Beams• Floors• Doors & Windows
(Openings)
• Stairs & Lifts• Roof• Lintels and Arches• Building Finishes (Plastering,
Pointing)• Building Services (Plumbing,
Electrical, Water Supply, Sewerage, Utility..)
Sem.I1.FoundationExcavation, Foundation, Footing, Plinth, Column..
Foundation Types: Shallow and Deep.Section of a Foundation
Sem.I2. Plinth Dividing line between substructure
and superstructure. Lowest part of Superstructure,
above ground level. 30-75cm in height depending upon
the locality/soil type. DPC provided at plinth level to
prevent moisture from rising to the walls of building.
Sem.I3. Walls A masonry structure provided
above the Plinth. Two types: Load Bearing, Non-
load bearing (Framed structure).
Provided to enclose or divide the floor space in a pattern and provide privacy, security & protection.
Load Bearing Brick Wall
Column Beam Structure
Sem.I4. Columns and Beams A masonry structure provided
above the Plinth. Two types: Load Bearing, Non-
load bearing (Framed structure).
Provided to enclose or divide the floor space in a pattern and provide privacy, security & protection.
RCC Beam Structure
RCC Column
Wood Column
Sem.I5. Floors Flat
supported elements, dividing a building into different levels.
Sem.I6. Openings: Doors A door may be defined as a barrier secured in an opening left in a
wall to provide usual means to access to a building room or passage.
Sem.I7. Openings: Windows A window may be defined as an opening left in the
wall for the purpose of providing daylight, ventilation and vision.
Window Types
Sem.I
Sem.I8. Lintels & Arches Its over Doors and Windows in
walls facility at safe transfer of loads to its supports.
Sem.I9. Stairs & Lifts A Stair may be
defined as a structure comprising of a number of steps connecting one floor to another.
Sem.I10. Roof It is an uppermost component of a building and its
main function is to cover the space below and provide protection from sun, rain, snow, wind, etc.
Sem.I11. Building Finishes A Building is considered incomplete till such time the
surface of its component is given appropriate treatment. It includes items like plastering, colour washing, pointing, painting, etc.
Sem.I12. Building Services It includes services like water supply, drainage,
sanitation, lighting, electricity, acoustics, heating, ventilation, Fire control, etc.
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IMaterial Indication..
Sem.IPlumbing Fixtures
Sem.ITwo Storied Frame Structure..
Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan
Sem.ITwo Storied Frame Structure..
Questions? Thank you for Listening…