Surgical anatomy of the brain

Outline

• Lateral surface• Basal surface• Medial surface• Posterior fossa

Omega area and central sulcusSuperior frontal sulcus and gyri

Precentral sulcus and gyri Posterior central sulcus and gyri

middle frontal gyrusInferior frontal sulcus

Intra pareital sulcus

Supra marginal gyrus

Anterior horizontal ramusPar triangularis

Par opercularis

Angular gyrus

Pars orbitalis Superior temporal gyrusMiddle temporal gyrus

Inferior temporal gyrus

Sylvian fissure

Operculum compartment

insular compartment

Insula or Island of Reil

Limiting sulcus of insular

External capsules

Basal gangliaThalamus

Sylvian fissure

Hesclhl’s gyrus

Planum polare

Association fiber of the cerebrum

Superior longitudinal fasciculus

Uncinate fasciculus

Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus

Corona radiata

Lateral ventricle

Frontal horn atrium

Body

Occipital horn

Temporal horn

Foramen of Monro

Septum pellucidum

Ant. Septal v.Thalamostriate vein.

Internal capsule

Ant. limb Genu

Lentiform n.Retrolenticular

Post.Limb

Sublenticular

Corpus callosum

Rostrum

Genu

Body

Splenium

Optic radiation

Lateral geniculate body

Meyer’s loop

Middle part

Posterior part

Fornix,Thalamus,Hippocampus

Hippocampus

Head of hippocampus

Body of hippocampus

Tail of hippocampus

Lateral surface: Arterial relationship

Lateral surface: Venous relationship(superficial)

Superficial sylvian vein

Superior anastomotic vein(V. of Trolard)

Inferior anastomotic vein(V. of Labbe)

Lateral surface: Venous relationship(Deep)

Deep middle cerebral vein

Basal surface,Neural relationship

Olfactory tractRectal gyrus

Orbital sulcus

Inferior temporal gyrusOccipitotemporal sulcus

Fusiform gyrus

Parahippocampal gyrusCollateral sulcus

Uncus and Rninal sulcus

Anterior perforated substance

Basal surface : Arterial relationship

Ophthalmic artery

Pcom arteryAnt. Choroidal artery

Basal surface : Arterial relationship

P1 segment

P2A

P2P

ant. Inf. Temporal a.

Post. Inf. Temporal a.

Mid. Inf. Temporal a.

Medial surface : Neural relationship

Cingulate gyrus

Paracentral ramus

Marginal ramus

Pareito-occipital sulcus

Medial frontal gyrus

Paracentral lobule

Cuneus

Lingual

Medial surface : Neural relationship

Sup. & inf rostal sulci

Ant. commisure

Paraterminal gyrus

Rhinalsulcus

uncus

Dentate gyrus

Medial surface : Arterial relationship

Medial surface : Venous relationship

• Frontal lobe medial frontal vein Superior saggital sinus or inferior saggital sinus

• Parietal lobe superior saggitalsinus , vein of Galen• Occipital lobe anterior and posterior calcarine vein

Posterior Fossa

• Rule of threebrainstem has three parts – midbrain, pons, medullacerebellar has three surface – Petrosal, tentorial , suboccipitalthree cerebellar peduncle – superior, middle, inferiorthree fissure – cerebellomesencephalic, cerebellopontine, cerebellomedullaryThree main artery – superior cerebellar a, anterior inferior cerebellart a., posterior inferior cerebellar athree main venous – petrosal, galenic, tentorial

Midbrain

Oculomotor N.

Pontomesencephalic s.lcus

Quadrigeminal plate

Pons,Medulla

Basilar sulcus

Lateral pontine sulcus

Trigeminal N.

Ant. Median fissure

Pre olivary sulcus

XIIPost olivary sulcus

Pontomedullary sulcus

Fourth ventricle, Cerebellum(petrosal surface)

Great horizontal fissureFlocculusChoroid plexus

Rhomboid lip

Cerebellum(tentorial surface)

Anterior cerebellar incisura

Posterior cerebellar incisura

Cerebellum(tentorial surface)

Central lobule

culmen

declive

folium

1 fissure

Post clival fissure

Cerebellum(suboccipital surface)

Inferior semilunar lobule

pyramid

uvula

Biventral lobule uvula

Foramen of Magedies

Vein of Posterior Fossa

Arteries of the Posterior Fossa

Cerebellopontine angle