009 EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE

• BACKGROUND– Roman Empire – 3rd Century– Christianity

• EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE– Titulus– Catacombs– Martyria

• Emperor Constantine– 313 AD - Edict of Milan

• New Forms in Architecture– Old forms, new functions

• Christian Mass– Evolved as an indoor event

• Rome– San Giovanni in Laterno

• Prototype – Roman Basilica

– Old Saint Peter’s• Most important

• Atrium, Narthex, Transept

• HOLY LAND

– Church of the Nativity

– Church of the Holy Sepulcher

• Central Plan Martyria– Based on Roman Heroa

Mausoleum of Emperor Hadrian

Mausoleum of Augustus

SANTA CONSTANZA

DECLINE OF IMPERIAL AUTHORITY IN WEST

• Church Assumes More Control– Churches constructed with more classical details (revival)

• St. Maria Maggiore

• St. Sabina

• Empire Decline– 350 AD Milan is residence of Emperor of Italy– 402 AD Western capital moves to Ravenna

• San Apollinare Nuovo

• San Apollinare in Classe

• Tomb of King Theodoric

• Constantine’s Architecture– Most Prestigious– Last Phase of Roman Architecture

SAN LORENZO – MILAN – 370 AD

SAN LORENZO PLAN

St. Maria Maggiore

St. Sabina

San Apollinare Nuovo – 490 AD

Mausoleum of Galla Placida -

San Apollinare in Classe – 534 AD

Tomb of King Theodoric -526 AD