01 ADVC_206A_FV Basic Protection Elements

7/28/2019 01 ADVC_206A_FV Basic Protection Elements

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Basic Protection Elements

On the ADVC Controller

With the flex VUE Operator Interface



Schneider Electric 2 – < AUTHOR > – <DATE>

Overview

The purpose of this presentation

is to familiarise you with the basic

protection features of the ADVC.

The following topics will be

covered:

● Basic Protection Elements.

● Global Protection Settings.

● Protection Pickup.

● Fault Reset.




Faults

A fault is a disturbance in the

power system which, if allowed to

persist, may damage plant and

interrupt the supply of electric

energy.

●Faults on medium voltage

distributions systems are normally

caused by accidental shortcircuits between nodes that are

supposed to be at different

voltages.

-i.e. Phase conductors and Earth




Types of Short Circuit

A number of types of short circuits

can occur in a power system:

●Three Phase

-Generally provokes the highest

current but reasonably rare (5%)

●Phase to Earth

-The most frequent (80%)

●Phase to Phase

●Phase to Phase to Earth

Ph1

Ph2

Ph3

Three Phase Short Circuit

Ph1

Ph2

Ph3

Phase to Earth Short Circuit

Ph1

Ph2

Ph3

Phase to Phase Short Circuit

Ph1

Ph2

Ph3

Phase to Phase to Earth Short

Circuit




Protection

The act of detecting, locating and

initiating the removal of a fault

from the power system.

Protection devices are one

component in a protection system

Protection Devices:

● Contribute to protecting people

against electrical hazards.

● Avoid damage to equipment.

● Limit thermal, dielectric and

mechanical stress on equipment.

● Maintain stability and service

continuity in the power system.




Protection System

An Automatic Circuit Recloser is acomplete Protection System

consisting of the followingcomponents:

●Measurement Sensors

-Current and Voltage

-Supply data required to detectfaults

●Protection Relay

-To determine when detected faultsshould be cleared.

●Switchgear

-Capable of breaking fault currentand clearing the fault from thepower system.

CVTCT

CAPE

N Series ACR


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/01-advc206afv-basic-protection-elements 7/41Schneider Electric 7 – < AUTHOR > – <DATE>

Basic Protection Elements

The basic protection elements on

the ADVC controller are:

●Phase Overcurrent Protection

-Phase to Phase or 3 phase faults

●Earth Fault Protection-Faults between one or more

phases and earth

●Sensitive Earth Fault Protection

-Low level but persistent earth faults

These are all

current operated elements

Once a fault has been detected

and its type identified the

appropriate settings can beapplied so that the fault can be

cleared in the optimum time.



Protection Sequence

Measure

Current

Is P/U

Current

exceeded?

No

Yes

Calculate

time to

trip.

Has time

expired?

No

Yes

Trip the

Recloser.Trip

Pick Up

Time to

Trip = 2.75s

10:11 Pickup

10:11 Phase Prot Trip

22/10/09 10:11:32:40

22/10/09 10:11:29:65



Protection Pick Up

Protection Pick Up occurs when

the measured current exceeds

(the setting current x the highestactive multiplier) for that element.

●Protection Pick Up means that

protection timing has started and

if the present fault level is

maintained a trip will occur.

●Trip current settings apply to all

trip settings within a protection

group and are known as global

settings.

PROTECTION MENU

Protection Global

Protection Trip Settings

Protection Control

Directional Elements

↕ PROTECTION GLOBAL

Global control

(Display, Copy, Trips to

lockout, Seq reset time,

Max time, Auto restore,

Auto reclose)

Global pickup

(Current & mult for Phase,

Earth, SEF, NPS)

Fault reset

(FR time, Reset Threshold

Mult for Phase, Earth and

NPS, Start at Rst

Thresh/Pickup)

↕

PHASE A

Phase Set 200 Amp

PHASE A

Phase Pickup 1.0x



Global Protection Settings in WSOS

Protection Pickup

Configuration

Settings




Protection Pickup Settings

Phase protection pickup will occur

at 200 x 1.0 = 200 Amps

-i.e. Setting Current and Pickup

Current are the same.

●Phase protection pickup will occur

at 200 x 1.2 = 240 Amps

- i.e. Setting Current and Pickup

Current are not the same.

●The Setting Current is always

used to calculate IDMT tripping

times for a given fault levelregardless of the Pickup Current.

1.2




The Effect of the Pickup Multiplier Setting

C

U

R

R

E

N

T

Time

200 A

Pickup Multiplier = 1.0

Current Multiple = 1.35270 A

Setting Current = 200A

Pickup

Pickup Multiplier = 1.2240 A

Pickup

Where the tripping

time is dependent on

the level of fault

current it will be

determined by itsrelationship to the

setting current and not

the pickup current.




Pickup Multiplier

Pickup Multiplier 1.1Pickup Multiplier 1.5

Pickup Current

300A

Setting Current 200 Amps

Pickup Current

220A




Using the Pickup Multiplier

The Pickup Multiplier can be used

whenever it is necessary to

prevent tripping for currents abovethe Setting Current for that

element.

● In the ADVC controller, Pickup

means that protection timing hasstarted and will eventually trip the

switchgear if the fault level

doesn’t change.

●Pickup current and minimum

operating current are the same

value.

Fuse




Fault Reset

A Fault Reset occurs when themeasured current has fallen back

below the pickup level by a setamount for a set time.

●The amount the current mustreduce by is determined by theReset Threshold Multiplier setting.

-Range 90 – 100% (of PickupCurrent)

●The time the current must be

below this level is determined bythe Fault Reset Time setting.

-Range: 0 – 10 000 ms




Fault Reset Settings

Fault Reset

Settings




Fault Reset Operation

C

U

R

R

E

NT

Time

Closed Open

Setting Current 200 A

Pickup Pickup

Time to Trip

Reset Threshold Multiplier 90% 180 A

Prot

Resetting

Fault Reset

Time

Prot

Reset

Max Current

Fault Reset

Time

Prot Reset

Max Current

Current at Trip

Trip

Prot Resetting




Time

Pause

C

U

R

R

E

NT

Closed Open


Pickup

Time to Trip

180 A

Timer

Starts

HereProt

Paused

Pickup Active – Timing

Suspended

Timing

Trip

Prot Resetting

Fault Reset

Time

Prot Reset

Max Current

Current at Trip

Pause




C

U

R

R

E

NT

Time

Pickup 200 A


180 A

The Pickup Multiplier setting also effects the current level at

which fault reset begins.

Prot Resetting 180 A

Setting Current x 1.5 300 A

270 A

Pickup 300 A

Prot Resetting 270 A

Pause Band = 20 A

Pause Band = 30 A

Pickup Multiplier Effect on Pause Band




Maximum Time Setting

Maximum Time




Maximum Time

The Maximum Time setting

modifies the time current

characteristic so that theoperating time is not more than

the Maximum Time regardless of

the fault level.

●This setting is generally used toensure tripping when the current

is only slightly above the trip

setting.

●Range 2 – 180s




Maximum Time 20 s

Maximum Time Curve Modifier




Sequence Reset Time Setting

Sequence Reset

Time

S R 4 T i L k




Closed

Open

LOCKOUT

Trip 1 Trip 2 Trip 3 Trip 4

Reclose 1 Reclose 2 Reclose 3

Sequence Reset Timer

Protection PickupReset

Idle

Sequence Reset – 4 Trips to Lockout

S R t Ti E i d




Running

Closed

Open

Trip 1 Trip 2

Reclose 1 Reclose 2

Expired

Trip 1

Reclose 1

Protection


PickupReset

Idle

Sequence Reset

Time

30s

Sequence Reset Time Expired

22/10/09 10:11:33:40

22/10/09 10:12:03:40

Automatic Reclose

Sequence Reset

S R t Ti C ll d




Running

Closed

Open

Trip 1 Trip 2

Reclose 1 Reclose 2

Trip 3

Reclose 3

Protection


PickupReset

Idle

Sequence Reset

Time

Cancelled

Sequence Reset Time Cancelled

D l d S R t Ti




Running

Closed

Open

Trip 1 Trip 2

Reclose 1 Reclose 2

Expired

Trip 1

Protection


PickupReset

Idle

Sequence Reset

Time

Delayed Sequence Reset Time

31/07/09 12:02:14:39

31/07/09 12:02:14:40

31/07/09 12:02:16:06

31/07/09 12:02:16:11

31/07/09 12:02:46:11

Automatic Reclose

Pickup

Protection Resetting

Protection Reset

Sequence Reset

T i t L k t S tti




Trips to Lockout Settings

Trips to Lockout

T i t L k t K P i t




Trips to Lockout – Key Points

●There can be up to 3 Trips toLockout settings:

-Trips to Lockout

-SEF Trips to Lockout

-NPS Trips to Lockout

●The Trips to Lockout setting is the

maximum number of trips that can

occur in a single sequence.

●SEF and NPS Trips to Lockout

which can’t be more than the

Trips to Lockout setting can

terminate a sequence earlier.

T i t L k t




TRIP FLAGS

O/C

LOP

EXT

E/F

UOV

SEF

NPS

Trips to Lockout

20/10/2009 3:18:58.08 PM Pickup

20/10/2009 3:19:05.66 PM Phase Protection Trip

20/10/2009 3:19:05.66 PM Protection Trip 1

20/10/2009 3:19:06.65 PM Automatic Reclose

20/10/2009 3:19:06.66 PM Pickup

20/10/2009 3:19:10.73 PM Earth Protection Trip


20/10/2009 3:19:20.72 PM Automatic Reclose

20/10/2009 3:19:20.73 PM Pickup

20/10/2009 3:19:23.36 PM NPS protection trip


20/10/2009 3:19:23.38 PM Lockout

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

01

BC01

01

R t C




Reset Curves

The time taken to reset a fault is

normally determined by the Fault

Reset Time setting.

●Reset Curves are an alternative

way of determining the time taken

for a fault to reset.

● If Reset Curves are required they

must be made available.

PROTECTION

Rst Curve Available

FEATURE SELECTION

PROTECTION

CONFIGURATION MENU

FEATURE SELECTION

Reset Curve Settings




Reset Curve Settings

Reset Curves Not Available Reset Curves Available

FAULT RESET A

Fault Reset 50 ms

Phase Reset 90%

Earth Reset 90%

NPS Reset 90%

FAULT RESET A

Phase Reset 90%

Earth Reset 90%

NPS Reset 90%

Start at Rst Thresh

PROTECTION MENU

Protection Global

Protection Trip Settings

Protection Control

Directional Elements

↕ PROTECTION GLOBAL

Global control

(Display, Copy, Trips to

lockout, Seq reset time,

Max time, Auto restore,

Auto reclose)

Global pickup

(Current & mult for Phase,

Earth, SEF, NPS)

Fault reset

(FR time, Reset Threshold

Mult for Phase, Earth and

NPS, Start at Rst

Thresh/Pickup)

↕

Reset Curves Feature Selection




Reset Curves – Feature Selection

Reset Curve Settings in WSOS




Reset Curve Settings in WSOS

Selecting a Reset Curve




Selecting a Reset Curve

IEC255 Standard Inverse Reset Curve




IEC255 Standard Inverse Reset Curve

Protection and Reset Curves




Protection and Reset Curves

180 A

Pickup Multiplier x 2




Pickup Multiplier x 2

180 A 400 A

Reset Threshold Multiplier 50%




Reset Threshold Multiplier 50%

Reset Curve Start at Pickup




Reset Curve Start at Pickup

200 A

Basic Protection Elements - Review



Basic Protection Elements - Review

What are the three basic protection elements in the ADVC and what do

they have in common?

Phase Fault, Earth Fault and SEF are all current operated elements.

What is the possible range of settings for NPS Trips to Lockout if Trips to

Lockout is set to 3?

NPS Trips to Lockout can be 1, 2 or 3.

The Sequence Reset Timer will start immediately on Automatic Reclose

unless what condition exists?

Close onto Fault.

How wide is the pause band when Reset Curves are not available and

the following settings are active?

30 AmpsWhat would the pause band be for these settings if Reset Curves were

available and set to start at the Threshold?

120 Amps

Date post:	03-Apr-2018
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01 ADVC_206A_FV Basic Protection Elements

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