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Referencing yourwork using

Harvard

A p r i n t a b l e co p y o f t h e o n -

l i n e r e f e r e n c i n g t o o l

Version (1.3 30/09/2008)

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Contents

Referencing Books 3

Referencing Journals 7

Referencing Electronic Media 10

Referencing Electronic resources 13

Referencing Government and Official Documents 17

Referencing Other Resources 19

Secondary Referencing 23

Referencing direct quotes 24

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Books

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Journals

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Electronic media

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Electronic resources

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Referencing Government and OfficialDocuments

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Other resources

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Secondary Referencing

If you are reading a source by one author (in our example McKechnie (1998)) andthey cite or quote work by another author (in our example Wing, Lee and Chen(1994)) you may in turn cite or quote the original work (e.g. that of Wing et al.

(1994)) as a SECONDARY REFERENCE.

It is always best practice to try and locate the original reference and secondaryreferences should only be used if it is difficult to access the original work. You mustremember that in a secondary reference you are seeing the original author's workfrom someone else's perspective.

This panel shows you how to reference a secondary or indirect reference type. Itshould be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencingtool for the appropriate referencing types used.

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Direct Quotes

This panel shows you how to reference a direct quotation. It should be used inconjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for theappropriate referencing types used.

Do not confuse quotations with citations. A citation is the practice of referring to thework of other authors in the text of your assignments.

A direct quotation is where you copy the exact words used by an author and placethem unaltered directly into your work. Direct quotations need to be in quotationmarks as shown in the example here.