of 14
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
1/14
4/24/20
Theories, Models, andFrameworks
NURSING INFORMATICS
NURSING INFORMATICS
Is an established and growing area ofspecialization in nursing
All nurses employ informationtechnologies in their practice.
Computersare incredibly fast , accurateand stupid.
Human beings are incrediblyslow , inaccurate and
brilliant .
Together they are powerful beyondimagination
Albert Einstein
Why do we NEED to study N.I?
In the 21st Century, information is
doubling every 5yrs , if not tripling inquantity and quality.
Information is POWER
Technology also facilitates thecreative process in nurses, affordingamazing vehicles for patienteducation, teaching and learning, andproviding general health promotionand prevention information on aglobal scale.
This can only become a commonreality if nurses are comfortableworking with computers and
advanced technology while providingevidence based care for their clients .
The healthcare of our clients islargely dependent on information.
Every action taken depends onprevious information and knowledge.
THE HIGH TECH AND THE HIGHTOUCH
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
2/14
4/24/20
WHAT DO WE NEED TO ACHIEVENURSING INFORMATICS?
SOFTWARE
HARDWAREPEOPLE
Nursing practice will berevolutionized and we will
truly be a profession ofnurses with our own
classification systems,bibliographic systems, and
payment systems .
We need to think outside the box?
We need to use the Internet to enhanceour practice and provide tele-nursing care. We need to become wireless and conductour services using all the newer IT tools.
We have a long way to go, but if weutilize information technology effectively,informatics will become an integral part ofour profession and the health careindustry. I do believe we have theknowledge and perseverance and I amconvinced it will come to pass.-Dr.Virginia Saba
What is informatics
1957 - First coined by KarlSteinbuch as informatiks.
1962 Phillipe Dreyfus usedinformatique
Walter Bauer translated it intoinformatics
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
3/14
4/24/20
What is informatics
Combined the terms informationand automation which meansautomatic information processing.
What is informatics
A science that combines a domain
science, computer science,information science and cognitivescience.
Multidisciplinary science drawing fromvaried theories and knowledgeapplications.
What is informatics
a broad academic field encompassinghuman-computer interaction,information science, informationtechnology, algorithms, and socialscience
What is informatics
Computer science, the study of
complex systems, information andcomputation using appliedmathematics, electrical engineeringand software engineering techniques.
What is informatics
Information science is thestudy of the processing,
management, and retrieval ofinformation
In 1980, Scholes and Barber appliedthis new term to the art and scienceof nursing, coining the term,nursing informatics, which they
defined as ...the application ofcomputer technology to all fields ofnursing-- nursing services, nurseeducation, and nursing research.
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
4/14
4/24/20
WHAT IS HEALTH INFORMATICS?
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Integration of healthcare sciences,
computer science, informationscience, and cognitive science toassist in the management ofhealthcare information.
A subdiscipline of informatics
ACTIVITY
Present an illustration using thedescription delineating HealthInformatics and its sub disciplines.Health informatics have subdomains
such as medical informatics, dentalinformatics, pharmacy informatics,nursing informatics, etc.
Each of these subdomains haveintegrated content and which arecollaboratively working with eachother.
ACTIVITY
Limit your illustration using onlycircles, squares and arrows and texts.
Use any application (paint, Msword,Ppt) in making your diagram.
Finally present the illustration usingpowerpoint.
Further explain your diagram.
CORRECT
HEALTHINFORMATICS
DentalInformatics
NursingInformatics
PharmacyInformatics
MedicalInformatics
NURSING INFORMATICS
1985 Kathryn Hannah;..is theuse of information technologies in
relation to any nursing functions.
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
5/14
4/24/20
NURSING INFORMATICS
1989 Graves & Corcoran .. Is a
combination of computer science,information science and nursingscience designed to assistmanagement and processing ofnursing data, information, andknowledge to support the practice ofnursing and the delivery of nursingcare.
NURSING INFORMATICS
1994 ANA .. Specialty that
integrates nursing science, computerscience, and information science inidentifying, collecting, processing,and managing data and informationto support nursing practice,administration, education, researchand the expansion of nursingknowledge.
NURSING INFORMATICS
2001 ANA .. a specialty thatintegrates nursing science,computer science, andinformation science to manageand communicate data,information and knowledge innursing practice
NURSING INFORMATICS
2001 ANA .. facilitates theintegration of data, information, andknowledge to support patients,nurses, and other providers in theirdecision-making in all roles andsettings. The support isaccomplished through the use ofinformation structures, information
processes, and informationtechnology
SCOPE OF PRACTICE
P RACTICE
E DUCATION
R ESEARCH A DMINISTRATION
NURSINGINFORMATICSSCOPE
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
6/14
4/24/20
Standard Areas of NURSING:
Nursing P racticeNursing E ducation
Nursing R esearch
Nursing Administration
COMPUTERS IN NURSING EDUCATIONS
COMPUTER Assisted Education
PDA (Personal Digital Assistants)
LCD Projectors
Wireless Routers
Desktops
Laptops
Smartphone
VIDEOS/ANIMATIONS
Distance learning
Testing (NCLEX)
Student and course recordmanagement
COMPUTERS IN NURSING PRACTICE
Functions
Records client information
Provides access to other departments
Used to manage client scheduling
COMPUTERS IN NURSING PRACTICE
DOCUMENTATION OF CLIENT STATUS
AND MEDICAL RECORDS KEEPING
Provides access to standardized forms,policies and procedures
Access data about client that may besomewhere in the medical record orelsewhere in health care agency.
BEDSIDE DATA ENTRY
records clients assessments, medicationadministration, progress notes, care planupdating, client acuity and accrued charges
COMPUTER BASED CLIENT RECORD
EMRs/CPRs
Provides easy retrieval of specific datasuch as trends in vital signs,immunization records, current problems
It can be designed to work providersabout conflicting medications or clientparameters that indicate dangerousconditions
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
7/14
4/24/20
ELECTRONIC ACCESS TO CLIENTS
Used extensively in health care toassess and monitor clients
conditionsData accumulated from various
electronic devices are stored forresearch purposes
Can monitor client
Computerized diagnosis
Telemedicine
PRACTICE MANAGEMENT
Used to order supplies, tests, meals,and services, from other departments
Allows nursing service to determine themost costly items used by a particularnursing unit.
May provide information or decisionsto modify budget, provide differentstaffing, move supplies to differentlocations, or make other changes formore efficient and higher quality care
COMPUTERS IN NURSING PRACTICE
A. Human resources
All employers must maintain a data a database oneach employee
Administrators can use this database tocommunicate with employees, examine staffingpatterns, and create budget programs
B. Medical records management
Allow client records to be searched for trends,number of cases, most expensive cases, and clientoutcomes.
Nurse informaticist can assist administrators withthe design and implementation of systems that allow
such searches to be generated, analyzed, printed,and distributed.
C. Facilities management
heating, air conditioning, ventilation,alarm systems are computer controlled.
D. Budget and financeclaims are transmitted much more
quickly
Can also effect cost-savings by reducingthe desired services time needed foraccounts payable and receivables.
COMPUTERS IN RESEARCH
1. problem identification
Useful in locating currentliterature about the problem andrelated concepts
Helps in searching for existingdocuments, and e-mail tocolleagues.
2. literature review
Software facilitate searches,contains thesauruses so that themost appropriate terms can beselected.
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
8/14
4/24/20
COMPUTERS IN RESEARCH3. research design
Search literature for instruments that havealready been established or to design andtest instruments that need to be developed
for past study.4. Data collection and analysis
Helps create form for the collection of datasuch as informed consent, demographicdata, and recording forms.
Commonly used software for quantitativedata analysis: SPSS ( statistical package forsocial sciences), SAS ( statistical analysissystem), Sys STAT, MYSTAT
5. Research dissemination
computer word processing programs areused to author the final reports of researchand send research to various readerships.
Help speeds completion or research projects
NI as a SPECIALTY
1992 ANA established nursing
informatics as a distinct specialtyin nursing with a distinct body ofknowledge.
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
Use a Word Processor
Explain how nursing informatics isconsidered as a distinct specialty.
Specifically describe the role ofinformatics nurses compared tonurses of other fields of nursing.
200 words minimum..
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
Use a Word Processor
Use Times New Roman
Font Size: 12.5 Line Spacing: 1.5 1 tab indent each paragraph
Justify each paragraph
Margins: 0.75 top, 0.75 bottom, 1 left; 1right.
Orientation: Portrait Paper Size: Long Bond Paper
Title at Center (Make your own)
Save File: Act1YourName.doc
Informatics Nurse Specialists
Is a professional with a formal RNgraduate degree and passed thecredentialing in nursing informatics of
a state.
Informatics Nurse Specialists
Nursing informatics specialistspractice in a wide variety of roles thatare ultimately aimed at improving
patient care delivery and the nursingpractice experience.
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
9/14
4/24/20
Informatics Nurse Specialists
Some of those roles are: Project manager
Educator Product developer Decision support/outcomes manager Systems analyst Consultant Programmer Advocate/policy developer Web developer CIO, CEO, CNO Entrepreneur Researcher Sales and marketing
COMPONENTS of PRACTICE
Transformation of Data to Wisdom
Data discrete entities that are describedobjectively without interpretation.
ex. A systolic blood pressure, a nursingintervention, a patient problem, anoutcome
COMPONENTS of PRACTICE
Transformation of Data to Wisdom
Information reflects interpretation,organization, or structuring of data.
- are processed data
- data with meaning
COMPONENTS of PRACTICE
Transformation of Data to Wisdom
Knowledgetransformation ofinformation.
- information that is synthesized sothat relationships are identified andformalized
COMPONENTS of PRACTICE
Transformation of Data to Wisdom
WISDOMhighest form of datatransformation.
- is the application of ethics in usingknowledge.
COMPONENTS of PRACTICE
Complexity
HumanIntellect
DataInformation
Knowledge
Wisdom
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
10/14
4/24/20
REGISTERED NURSES as KNOWLEDGEWORKERS
Knowledge work is the exercise of
specialist knowledge andcompetencies.
SCREEN CASTING
Create a powerpoint presentation of yourreport.
Using the powerpoint report record asvideo + audio and edit the report forscreencasting. Record the narration likeyou are explaining your slides on class.
Utilize your knowledge on video editing. Maximum minutes of screencast is 10
minutes only. Number of members per group = 3..no
exceptions.
COMPETENCIES
Research; Article search (Use ofinternet)
Staggers, Gassert, and Curran, 2001
ANCC
Informatics Exam Content
HIMSS (Healthcare Information andManagement Systems Society)
TERMINOLOGIES
What is the use of standardterminologies/languages?
What is a data set?
What is nursing minimum data set(NMDS)?
Enumerate the different ANA-recognized terminologies.
Describe each briefly.
TENETS
Distinct specialty practice and body ofknowledge
Includes both clinical and non-clinical
Supports nurses to improve quality of careand welfare of health care consumers
Focus is delivering right information to rightperson at the right time
TENETS
Human factors concepts are interwoven inpractice
Ensure confidentiality and security of data andinformation and advocates privacy
Promotes innovative, emerging and establishedinformation technology
Collaborates with and is closely linked to otherhealth-related informatics specialties
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
11/14
4/24/20
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD
any information related to the past,
present, or future physical/mentalhealth, or condition of an individual.The information resides in electronicsystem(s) used to capture, transmit,receive, store, retrieve, link, andmanipulate multimedia data for theprimary purpose of providinghealthcare and health relatedservices..
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD
Increased patient safety:All informationabout the patients existing conditions,allergies and drug intolerances is availablewhen Physicians need it, where they need itso that they can make the best decisions fortheir patients.
Increased efficiency:A single source ofaccurate patient data means Physicians don'tneed to spend time logging in to differentspecialist clinical systems or contacting
other healthcare institutions for information.
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD
Trend and data analysis:A central
clinical repository of clinical informationmeans that information can be minedand analyzed to contribute to moreeffective healthcare delivery in thefuture, and can give a betterunderstanding of trends, patterns andepidemiology in public health.
HIPAA and Technology
Influx of new technology is creatingimplications for the protection ofprivacy and security.
Simple precautions to secure clientinfo: Use data encryption
Use password when logging on, and atime-out to reactivate the password
If using PDA, disable the infrared ports
Privacy Confidentiality Security
The role of staff nurses as the protectorof patient information is becomingmore crucial as more health care
information becomes part of themedical record and as it becomes moreavailable electronically instead of onpaper.
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
12/14
4/24/20
Privacy Confidentiality Security
The staff nurse may be ask to provide
information such as a printed medicaladministration list from an electronicmedical record to the patient, thepatients family member, a medicalstudent, or an attending physician.
Accountability among nurses is highly aconcern.
Privacy Confidentiality Security
is a means of protecting health
information so that it is not used ordisclosed except as authorized by theindividual. It protects the privacy of theindividual.
Privacy Confidentiality Security
means that information,once allowed to be disclosed by theindividual, will not be shared without thepermission of the individual therebykeeping it confidential.
Example: Nurses should not talk toanyone except those under privilegedcommunication regarding patientsinformation, including securityinformation.
Privacy Confidentiality Security
is a means by which data is
stripped of identifiers that mightotherwise be used to identify a givenindividual.
Ex. Use of passwords and PIN Codes
What is a Clinical Information System(CIS)?
Collections of Information TechnologyApplications equaling a repository(database) of information for client care
Contains information about client historyof illness, interaction with providers,genetic, environmental and social data
Creates record of status of decisions,actions underway and information to assistin performing targeted actions
What is an Electronic Record (EHR)?
Other common names computerized patient record(CPR), electronic medicalrecord (EMR) and theelectronic patient record (EPR)
Part of CIS
Resides in a software programproviding the health provideran instrument to obtainclinical information andtranscribe data into thecomputer
Classified in three groups: (1)Office Based (2) Web-based (3)Handheld or Wireless System
ADVANTAGES- Instant Access- Legibility- Safer data (protects from loss)- Confidentiality- Flexible Layout
- Integration with other inforesources
- Electronic data- Continuous data processing- Assisted Search- Tailored Paper Output- Always Current!
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
13/14
4/24/20
Clinical DSS focus in EHR for Nurses
CPOE Computerized Prescriber Order
Entry
BCMA Bar Code MedicationAdministration
Integrated EHR Features
Digital Imaging (LaboratoryInformatics)
Integrated EHR Features Integrated EHR Features
8/12/2019 01 Issues in Informatics
14/14
4/24/20
Integrated EHR Features
Nursing Documentation
Integrated EHR Features
Nursing Documentation