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Outline• Measuringcrystallographicchangesusinghighenergysynchrotron
X-raydiffrac8on(XRD)o SimultaneousmeasurementoflaUcedistor8ons,cri8calcurrent,stress,strainofHTSat77K
o SimultaneousmeasurementofNb3SnlaUcedistor8ons,stress,strainat4.2K
• LaUcedistor8onsandelectromechanicalproper8eso Bi-2223o Bi-2212o MgB2o Nb3Sn
• CanXRDmeasurementshelptoexplainwhyJcofNb3Snwiresismoresensi8vetotransversethantoaxialstress?
2C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
.V,)+.0/0")#.$#/-+"(%"(/.Q4"&#.3,R"&-8(/.•! X06%"(/$.&/3.+,)+.0/0")#.*+(%(/$.-&/.*0/0%"&%0.@@4%+,-=.$%"(/)'#.&7$("7,/).
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*+(%(/.^6:.30/$,80$Y._$,/).9&$%."0&34(6%.&"0&.30%0-%("$.Q4"&#.3,R"&-8(/.SQGHT.@0&$6"0@0/%$.,/.%"&/$@,$$,(/.)0(@0%"#.-&/.70.*0"9("@03.2,%+,/.$0-(/3$Y..
M.
Diffraction pattern of LaB6 reference powder.
Radially integrated diffraction pattern.
Fit of the LaB6 (110) diffraction peak.
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Why measure simultaneously lattice distortions, critical current, stress and strain?
• AcomparisonoflaUcedistor8onswithsuperconduc8ngproper8esmeasuredwithdifferentexperimentsmaybehamperedbyseveraluncertain8es:
– Influenceofsampleholdermaterialandsolderonthestressstateinthesuperconductor
– Samplegeometry– Sampleinhomogeneity– Previoussamplemanipula8on– Thermalhistoryofthesample– Strainmeasurementuncertain8es
• Theseuncertain8escanbeeliminatedorreducedwhenmeasuringelectromechanicalproper8esandlaUcedistor8onsatthesame8me.
• Suchmeasurementscanmostconvenientlybeperformedwithhightemperaturesuperconductors(HTS)inanopenliquidnitrogencryostat,andwithoutappliedfield.
5C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
Set-upsforsimultaneousmeasurementoflaUceparametersand(a)Ic,stressandstrainat77K,and(b)stressandstrainat4.2KintheESRFID15beamline
6
4.2Kset-upfromUniGenevaRTand77Kset-up
C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
7
Superconductorinstrumenta8onandX-raytransparentcryostat
• Dismountablecryostatmadeofstainlesssteel,encapsulatedbyStyrofoam.WindowsaremadeofsheetsofPET,inwhichX-rayabsorp8onisnegligible.
• Absor8onof90keVX-raysin7cmofliquidnitrogenisabout50%.
Bi-2212wirewithvoltagetaps,extensometerandcurrentleads.
SampleandgripsImmersedinliquidnitrogen.
C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
Diffrac8onpajernofBi-2212wireinairandimmersedinliquidnitrogen
Diffrac<onpa?ernoftheBi-2212wireinair.
8
Diffrac<onpa?ernoftheBi-2212wireinliquidnitrogen.
C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
Outline• Measuringcrystallographicchangesusinghighenergysynchrotron
X-raydiffrac8on(XRD)o SimultaneousmeasurementoflaUcedistor8ons,cri8calcurrent,stress,strainofHTSat77K
o SimultaneousmeasurementofNb3SnlaUcedistor8ons,stress,strainat4.2K
• LaUcedistor8onsandelectromechanicalproper8eso Bi-2223o Bi-2212o MgB2o Nb3Sn
• CanXRDmeasurementshelptoexplainwhyJcofNb3Snwiresismoresensi8vetotransversethantoaxialstress?
9C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
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Outline• Measuringcrystallographicchangesusinghighenergysynchrotron
X-raydiffrac8on(XRD)o SimultaneousmeasurementoflaUcedistor8ons,cri8calcurrent,stress,strainofHTSat77K
o SimultaneousmeasurementofNb3SnlaUcedistor8ons,stress,strainat4.2K
• LaUcedistor8onsandelectromechanicalproper8eso Bi-2223o Bi-2212o MgB2o Nb3Sn
• CanXRDmeasurementshelptoexplainwhyJcofNb3Snwiresismoresensi8vetotransversethantoaxialstress?
12C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
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Outline• Measuringcrystallographicchangesusinghighenergysynchrotron
X-raydiffrac8on(XRD)o SimultaneousmeasurementoflaUcedistor8ons,cri8calcurrent,stress,strainofHTSat77K
o SimultaneousmeasurementofNb3SnlaUcedistor8ons,stress,strainat4.2K
• LaUcedistor8onsandelectromechanicalproper8eso Bi-2223o Bi-2212o MgB2o Nb3Sn
• CanXRDmeasurementshelptoexplainwhyJcofNb3Snwiresismoresensi8vetotransversethantoaxialstress?
15C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
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Outline• Measuringcrystallographicchangesusinghighenergysynchrotron
X-raydiffrac8on(XRD)o SimultaneousmeasurementoflaUcedistor8ons,cri8calcurrent,stress,strainofHTSat77K
o SimultaneousmeasurementofNb3SnlaUcedistor8ons,stress,strainat4.2K
• LaUcedistor8onsandelectromechanicalproper8eso Bi-2223o Bi-2212o MgB2o Nb3Sn
• CanXRDmeasurementshelptoexplainwhyJcofNb3Snwiresismoresensi8vetotransversethantoaxialstress?
19C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016
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Conclusion• SeveralintenseBi-2212,Bi-2223,Nb3Sndiffrac8onpeaks,whichcanbefijedin
ordertodetermineaccuratelaUceparameterchanges,canbeacquiredbyXRDintransmissiongeometry.Theacquisi8onofMgB2diffrac8onpeaksinPITwireswithsufficientsignal-to-noiseismorechallenging.
• Thetemperatureinfluenceonthemechanicalbehaviouroftheindividualwirecons8tuents,fractureofbrijlecomponentsandloadtransferarerevealedbytheXRDelas8cstrainmeasurements.
• Textureispresentinmostwirecons8tuents.Nb3SntexturemayhaveaninfluenceontheJcsensi8vityofRRPandPITtypewires,butitcannotexplainthedifferentJcresponsetoaxialandtransversestressinBRwires,wheretheNb3Sngrainshavearandomorienta8on.
• Transversewirecompressionpresumablycausesaninhomogeneousstressandstraindistribu8onintheNb3Snfilaments.Diffrac8onpeakwidthchangesduringapplica8onoftransversecompressivestressat4.2Kcouldbeanindica8onofinhomogeneousstressdistribu8on.
25C.Scheuerlein,MEM2016,23March2016