01bukit Merah Lake Brief

8/6/2019 01bukit Merah Lake Brief

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NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES AND

THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENTSTATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23FEB 2010

1. INTRODUCTION

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE LAK E3. MANAGEMENT OF THE LAK E AND ITS BASIN

4. MAJ OR IMPACT STORIES OF THE LAK E

5. MAJ OR LAKE BASIN GOVERNANCE ISSUES

6. K EY CHALLENGES TO LAK E GOVERNANCE

Bukit Merah Lake Brief 22 -23rd Febuary 2010 NRE Putrajaya

DID, KERIAN

CONTENT OF PRESENTATION

BUK IT MERAH LAK E BRIEF



Located in Kerian District.

Northern Perak State, Adjacent to PLUS.95km From Ipoh – 1 hr drive60km From Penang – 45 min drivePenang Airport


THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENTSTATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23FEB 2010DID, KERIAN

1.0 INTRODUCTION




• Oldest Manmade Lake – Reservoir – 1906- RM 1.6m

DID, KERIAN






Main Purpose Of The Bukit MerahLake/Reservoir1.0 To provide irrigation water to

Kerian Irrigation Scheme - 23,560

hectares, for rice cultivation.The largest granary area operatedand maintained by DID in Malaysia

DID, KERIAN

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES ANDTHEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT

STATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23FEB 2010



2. To provide Domestic Water Supply for Kerian District& Larut Matang District- estimated 200,000 people

DID, KERIAN

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES ANDTHEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENTSTATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23FEB 2010



http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/01bukit-merah-lake-brief 7/90DID, KERIAN

3. Known as Malaysia's premiernorthern lakefront 4 star resort-Bukit Merah Lake Town Resort

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES ANDTHEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENTSTATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23

FEB 2010




4. Known for the original sanctuary for the Arowana Malayan Gold- the high quality fresh water fish in the world .

DID, KERIAN

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S ANDTHEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENTSTATUS OF SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23

FEB 2010




• The railway line have been constructed by Keretapi Tanah

Melayu Berhad across Bukit Merah Dam for 4 km length

DID, KERIAN


No exact historical data

– lake or the train track .

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES AND THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE

USE:CURRENT STATUS OF SELECTED LAKESIN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010




2.0 Description Of The Lake

Lake Volume km3=0.083

Watershed km2 =33 at WL =RL+8.5m =28.5ftLake Length and Width = 13.8km(L) 4.5km(W)

Length of shoreline (km)= 61 at WL+RL8.5mMax Depth(m) = 5.3

Mean Depth(m) = 2.5

Lowest bed level(m) = RL +3.5

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKES AND THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLEUSE:CURRENT STATUS OF SELECTED LAKESIN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010

DID, KERIAN


Physical Parameters



Bukit Merah Dam comprises a main dam, 2 saddle dams, a gated service spillway,

a gated auxiliary spillway and an intake structure


The main dam’s location near upstream

of the Kurau and Merah River’confluence

Saddle Dam 1

Main Dam – Earth Embk

In take and

Saddle Dam 2

Main Canal

Selinsing Canal

2 Description Of The Lake



DID, KERIAN

• The dam was constructed in 1906 and its embankment wasraised from RL8.08m to RL 10.67m in the 2nd Malaysia Plan (1961to 1965) and again in 1984 to its present level at RL11.28m.

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S AND



2. Description Of The Lake

Main Dam – modified homogeneous earth filled embankment

Main Infrastructures



• Spillways

• To safely conveydischarge past the damwithout unacceptabledamage at RL +30.00 ft

DID, KERIAN

North Spillway(max discharge 5,000 ft3/s)

South Spillway

(max discharge 15,000 ft

3

/s)






DID, KERIAN


The Intake Head Work Structure






NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S AND THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OF

SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010DID, KERIAN

Dow nst ream v iew o f t he intake s t ruc t u re tha t conveys i r ri ga t i on and domest i c

w ate r supp ly to the ma in c onveyances




DID, KERIAN

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S AND THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OFSELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010

Bukit Merah Dam – gazzeted as National Security Area

As No Trespassing Zone




It is drained by an area of about408sq.km, covered by two district,Kerian District and Larut, Matangand Selama District

Kurau River Catchment = 360km2

Merah River Catchment =48km2

Ara River

Bukit Merah Lake Brief



Based on Malaysia Science University Research Study Team conducted in 2007 & 2008

has concluded the following the water balance parameters:-

Lake Volume = 83million m3 based on Bythemetric Survey conducted in 1998Annual inflow = Total flow volume in a year(ave 2007 & 2008) from Kurau & Merah River

Annual outflow = Total discharge volume from the lake in a year( ave 2007 & 2008)

thru the intake structures and the spillways.

Theoretical Filling Time = Lake Volume/annual inflow

= 83mil m3/2758670m3/day = 30 days

Average Evaporation Rate = 163mm-177mm/month from the lake

The surface water temperature measured ranges between 27.48 C – 29.9 C


Theoretical Flushing Time = Lake Volume/annual outflow

= 83mil m3/2498852m3/day = 33 days

DID, KERIAN


SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010



Water Balance of BMR

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

J a n

F e b

M a c

A p r i l

M a y

J u n e

J u l y

A u g u s t

S e p t

O c t

N o v

D e c

Runoff(mm)

Rainfall (mm)

Evaporation (mm)

Based on 2008 USM’s studies the water balance inflow and outflow summarization can be tabulated as follows:-

Water Balance (Inflow & outflow ( monthly average- 2008)

DID’s daily average Q discharge requirement to the irrigation area = 1000 ft3/s or

= 28 m3/s for 24,000hectares


Retention TimeRETENTION TIME = Volume of lake / Outflow rate

RETENTION TIME = 83 million m3

/2498851.9m3

/day , (actual average supplied = 29m3/s /day)= 33 Days

DID, KERIAN





Rainfall and water level Bukit Merah Reservoir,1998-2008

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

4 / 1 / 1 9 9 8

1 0 / 1 8 / 1 9 9 8

5 / 6 / 1 9 9 9

1 1 / 2 2 / 1 9 9 9

6 / 9 / 2 0 0 0

1 2 / 2 6 / 2 0 0 0

7 / 1 4 / 2 0 0 1

1 / 3 0 / 2 0 0 2

8 / 1 8 / 2 0 0 2

3 / 5 / 2 0 0 3

9 / 2 1 / 2 0 0 3

4 / 8 / 2 0 0 4

1 0 / 2 5 / 2 0 0 4

5 / 1 3 / 2 0 0 5

1 1 / 2 9 / 2 0 0 5

6 / 1 6 / 2 0 0 6

1 / 2 / 2 0 0 7

7 / 2 1 / 2 0 0 7

2 / 6 / 2 0 0 8

8 / 2 4 / 2 0 0 8

R a i n f a l l ( m m )

0123

45678910

w a t e

r l e v e l ( m )

R ain fa ll Wate r leve l


CLIMATE

Levels recorded higher in the months of March-Mei and Oct – Nov correlates

with higher precipitation during these period




Deeper in the westShallower in the east

RL =8.5mRL = 3.2m

Based on ba thym et r icSurvey conduct ed in

1964,1984 & 1998

Sedementat ion occupies 10-15%

of the lake ’s vo lume

SEDIMENTAT ION based on USM’s

2007 & 2008 s t ud ies

13.9ton/day

122ton/day

K urau River

Merah River

Est’d annual load /yr = 49,600ton/yr



Biotic Data – studies by USM in 2007 & 2008


Total 119 phytoplanktons species were identified include 6 major divisions: -

Straurastrum sp(Chlorophyta) is the most dominated species in Bukit Merah

Lake

DID, KERIAN



Chlorophyta

Euglenophyta

PrrrhophytaChrysophyta

Cynophyta

Chloromonadophyta



Biotic Data –


There are over 34 species of fish inclusive crabs and prawns, based

on Fisheries Department

Among major ones are : Lampam(P.gonionotus)

Patin (Pangasius sutchi)

Sebarau (Hampala macrolepidota)Jelawat(Leptobarbus hoevenii)

Kalui (Osphronemus goramy)

Keli (Clarias batrachus)Temakang (M.nigriceps)

Tilapia Hitam(Oreochromis mossambicus)

Toman ( C.micropeltes)

Numerous reports on crocodiles citing but none ever being caught in the net by the FisheriesAuthority to prove otherwise.

Kelisa or Arowana (Scleropages fsciatus) species are among the most exotic fish

found in BML. The only natural habitat found in the world for the Malayan Gold sp

DID, KERIAN



Fish



Management Of The Lake


3.0 Managem ent Of The Lake And I t s Bas in

1. I r ri gat i on

2 . Dr ink ing Wa te r Wi thd raw a l

3 . Flood /Drough t Con t ro l Fac i l i tes

4 . Fi she r ies Fac i l it i e s

5 . Tour ism Fac i l i t ies






1.0 I r r igat ion Managem ent

Paramet ers to cons ider

24,000 hectares of rice cultivation area to be irrigatedOver 10,000 farmers involved, supporting = 50,000families members

Planting frequency = 2 times a year

No. of days to supply per season =100days/seasonAverage discharge requirement = 1000ft3/s = 28.3m3/s





Lake level to be maintained at RL+28.5ft(RL+8.6m) -85 % confidence level


KTMB’s track = +RL 33ft, spillway max storage level = RL 30.00ft

Lowest level to supply to the irrigation areas, ceases at RL20ft = RL 6.1m

Average daily discharge required to maintain 1000 ft3/s =28m3/s

are being adjusted by these intake gates

DID, KERIAN



Railway track’s level= RL+33ft = RL+10m




2.0 Dom est ic Wat er Supply Managem ent

BML is ma in source fo r raw w ate r supply fo r domest i cw a te r t rea tment p lan t - se rve to Ker ian and Larut Matang Dis t r i c t

– 200,000 users

There ar e 2 WTP – 1 along Main Canal 50k m dow n st ream of

the lake

1a long Se l ins ing Cana l 10km dow nst ream -

DID’s respons ibi l i ty - main t a in supply =60f t3 /s & leve l in conveyances

GSL Wat er Treat m ent Plant a t Gunong Sem anggol taps at Sel ins ing

Canal w h ich loca ted 10 km dow nst ream t o Buk i t Merah Lake .

DID, KERIAN







South Spillway(max discharge 15,000 ft3/s)

View at the South Spilllway during

monsoon season when water fromreservoir have to discharge tomaintain the level below RL +30.0

3.0 Flood Cont ro l Managem ent

Spillway structures are being used tosafely convey discharge of excess water

to Kurau River downstream without

unacceptable damage

DID, KERIAN



Early release during monsoon to cater

high flow incoming from lake basin




Roads to villages upstream of the Bukit Merah Damwill be flooded if the levels hits above RL +29.0ft.

22 -23rd Febuary 2010 NRE Putrajaya

View of Selamat Village at level hits RL +29.7ft in Nov 2008

Villages platform level above RL+35ft (RL+ 10.5m)







4.0 Drought Control Management

Had experienced severe drought Jun 2009 levels hit lowest ever recorded

at RL 20.3ft.

Manage to maintain supply by rotational irrigation –structures downstream

need to be adjusted and regulated

No r ic e f ie ld area damaged – y ie ld increased –due to long sun l igh t

per iod – longer photosynt hes is process .

Manage to maintain domestic water supply without interrupting the

irrigation supply and schedule

View upst ream of the BM Lak e near Merah River Mout h

Bukit Merah Lake Brief d




5.0 Tour ism Managem ent

Lake level – maintained min RL+24ft - supportnavigation - BMLTR’s jetty to the Orangutan

Islands jetty. There are 23 indigenous

orangutans - 23 acres Islands – 11 adults + 12

youngs

Orangutan Island Jetty

BMLTR boat

Bukit Merah Lake Town Resort

Bukit Merah Lake Brief 22 23rd F b 2010 NRE P t j




Drought event in Jun 2009 had effected the tourism industry at

Bukit Merah Lake. Severe draw down to lake’ level had putboating activities on hold for a month. Tour trip to the Orangutan

Islands had been disrupted.

Tourism Management Cont’d



Bukit Merah Lake Brief 22 23rd Febuary 2010 NRE Putrajaya



6.0 Fisheries Lake Management


Fisheries department- gazzeted lakenorthern area near Merah River mouth -

Arowana Sanctuary- comply theWestern Countries’ pre condition to

support the Arowanas’ breeding industry.

Arowana’s natural habitat

- Rasau Trees

Malayan Gold






Fisher ies Lake Managem ent Cont ’d

Dur ing DID remova l f loa t ing vegeta t ion programm es – area has tocare fu l ly se lec ted and be sens i t i ve w i th t he ir hab ita t s .


Arowana’s natural habitat

- Rasau Trees




22 23 Febuary 2010 NRE Putrajaya


Arowana Breeding Industries

Perak State’s Govt – Gazzeted -450 acres(180ha)

-Paddy land to be converted to Arowana’s Farming-- near BML



Arow ana Farm ing Gazzeted Area




Pekasam – Dried Pickled Fish Industry – mostly local consumption

y j y

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S AND THEIR

BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OFSELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010

Local Banjar tribe Traditional Food

Ikan Sepat – Trichogaster, pectoralis

Lampam – P.eugrammus

6.0 Fisheries Lake Management-Cont’d

Main species involved

50 local fishermen – registered w State Fishery Department -operating - BML




4.0 MAJOR IMPACT STORIES

1.0 Threa ts f rom t he f loa t ing vege ta t ion g row th

of hanguana m alayana and w ater hyc in th

Endangering the structure’s stablity




Estimated 40% of the watershed area – Northern/Eastern portion covered by floating and aquatic

vegetation – especially near both Merah and Kurau River Mouth

No detail studies have been carried out to determine the rate of water useage/area by these so

called aquatic plants but it is believed to have an impact to the lake’s storage capacity. – over 104years of undisturbed growth

Fertilized from plantations fertilizer from the upper catchment






Current Condi t ion Of The Buk i t Merah LakeBythemetric Survey 1968,1984,1998

WATER SHED REDUCTION I N SIZ E

Kur au River

believed to

vegetation growthor sedimentation

area

Location where aquatic believe to grow




In the 90’s – clearing of aquatic

vegetation were being carried outdepartmentally. Machine brought in

from U.S – productivity = 1 acre/monthor 0.4ha/month

Aquatic Vegetation Clearing

Floating vegetation area covered over

= 4000 acres

A ti V t ti C tt &




• Maintenance machineriesused to remove the floatingvegetation

Aquatic Vegetation Cutter & Tug Boat

Aquatic Weeds Haverster

Excavator

DID, KERIAN

y j y





• Lately DID had out sourced the clearing work by open tender to

private contractors in phases2006-2007 - Phase I : RM 7,289,4002008-2009 Phase II : RM 5,521,500

• Scope of works : Removal of Floating Vegetation(pokok bakong/gambut)

• Average clearing area for Phase I & Phase II : 700,000 sq.m

in 3 years

DID, KERIAN





LAND

COVER

AREA (SQ.KM) %

oil palm 48.3 12

rubber 98.9 24

forest 196.9 48

paddy 15.5 4

others 47.9 12

2nd Major Impact Stories

12% out of 36% belong to estates. Remaining 88% to private smallholders

Private

Ownership =36%

Some have been

alienated

Private Land Clearing –Replanting – surrounding and the lake basin




Major land clearing

on private alienated

land adjacent to thelake – one of DID

main challenges –

No legislatives norany environmentalProvision-can be

imposed to control

such practices.

Major Land Clearing For Replanting By

Privately Own Property




DID, KERIAN



Major private lands clearing adjacent to lake for replanting purposes which have

an impact to lake’s water quality and sedimentation problems.

2nd Major Impact Stories – Major Land Clearing By Privately Own Property




Clearing of planted areas for replanting by estates or

smallholders in big scales caused increase surface run

off with siltation and degrading water quality

Private land clearing in the lake basin area

2nd Major Impact Stories – Major Land Clearing By Privately Own Property

DID, KERIAN



Agencies responsibility – replanting – RISDA-rubber

FELCRA – palm oil





BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OFSELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010DID, KERIAN

Bukit Merah siltation from upper

basin

Siltation to Kurau River and water quality degradation that flowsdown to Bukit Merah lake

View s o f Kurau Rivers 10km upst ream o f the lake

Milky color





BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OFSELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22-23 FEB 2010DID, KERIAN

Deforestation of Forest Reserves

Converted to animal breeding ground = 1000hectare

forest reserve

4800hectares

1000ha cleared

3rd Major Impact Stories




j p

DID, KERIAN



Nat iona l E lec t r i f ied Double Track ing

Pro ject

Existing track imposed constraint to

raise the lake level =RL+33 ft

Existing Sinaran Pagi Express KL /Butterworth

One of few lakes in the world where a traintrack running across the lake, caused the lake

to be separated to 2 parts, only connected by

a bridge about 20 meters span length

Water can only flow thru the small bridge,imposed threats when floating vegetation

stuck underneath the bridge - spillways are

under operation

No nav igat ion can pass

underneath





DID, KERIAN



To ensure safety to the track, max spillway level is set =RL+30.00ft

Normal level stored for 85% confidence level to irrigation supply = RL+28.5ftcaused limitation to flood buffer storage (1.5 ft buffer)

Nat iona l Double Track ing Pro jec t

South spillway upstream view

Max spill level RL+30.00ft

South Spillway –downstream view






DID, KERIAN



Despite the problems faced by the existing track’s alignment, the train’sauthority still proceed with new NEDTP’s alignment following at the side ofthe existing track

Nat ional Elec t r i f ied Double Trac k ing Projec t (NEDTP)







Nat ional Elec t r i f ied Double Trac k ing Projec t NEDTP)

Under the NEDTP, level is raised to another 2 m-, DID plan to raise lake level in future planning.RM100m(USD 31m) budget bid for 10th Malaysia Plan for the upgrading of Bukit Merah Dam . New

double track build on concrete viaduct to promote free flow of water underneath

Construction of the NEDTP is still under way – to be completed in 2013

DID, KERIAN

4km of viaduct above the lake’s

watershed





DID, KERIAN




But in order to promote the free flow underneath the viaduct the existing trackhas to be removed which the KTMB’s consortium didn’t budget for in their initialtender. It is estimated another USD 1m required for the removal cost.

Discussions still underway on who and how the removal of these tracks need

to be carried out.





Nat iona l Elec t r i f ied Double Track ing Pro jec t NEDTP

DID, KERIAN



Construction problems and environmental issues concerned DID

Levels o f lake needs to mainta in above RL+28 f t in order for the p i l l ing pontoon to f loat

Water qual i t y degradat ion became c oncerned as the turb id i ty increased near the

const ruc t i on’ s it e





DID, KERIAN



Since level RL+28 is difficult to maintain at all times,

NEDTPs’ contractors decided to excavate trenches alongthe existing track for the pontoons to float – causing an

increase to lake’s turbidity water index.






DID, KERIAN



Other than turbidity water quality index raising concerned, oil spill problems from

the pilling pontoons occasionally monitored in the lake, imposed certain threatsto the domestic and irrigation water supply downstream.






DID, KERIAN




About 5 hectares of backfilling inside the lake were approved by the government

in order for the NEDTP’s contractor to have working space for the project

Backfilling inside the lake for casting yard and storage forconstructions materials





DID, KERIAN




Silt curtain and floating booms

are imposed to control/separatethe turbidity flow as well as the

oil spill near the construction site

Silt Curtain Control Measures

Booms to control and captures oil spill residue

Control Measures Taken

No major undesired incident monitored yet


4th Major Impact Stories



DID, KERIAN


Sand Mining Operators

Due to the NEDTP project- pressures

on sand applications requests for in

the lake as well as along the

Kurau River

The state government has

approved 7 operators to extractsand along the Kurau River but

only two are actually operatingdue access problems.





DID, KERIAN


Sand mining operation areanear the Kurau River mouth


Based on studies – river mouth

area - most deposited





DID, KERIAN



Since the location of the operation is too close to the lake , same environmental

control requirements are imposed to the sand operators such as installation of

silt curtain and oil residue traps within the operation vicinity. Occasional checkings

on the leakages along the curtain traps are done from time to time by bothparties(DID and sand operators)






Violation - improper practiced of using machinery in sand extraction

- distance of stock pilling from the river bank

- submission of repairing deposits

Kurau River Sand Extraction

violation

DID, KERIAN

Stockpilling violation

Too close to river bankUsing drageline instead of pumps


Issues on violation of permit condition


5th Major Impact Stories Bukit Merah Lake Town Resort



DID, KERIAN


Perak State Gov – decided to alienate 1670 acres of government land and another

100 acres inside the lake to MK Land Properties developer to develop BMLTRin the 90s’

100 acres inside the lakefor water chalets development





DID, KERIAN


Mix development – 4 star hotels, chalets, residential, resort

homes, higher learning institution, water theme parks – by

conversion from government land status to building and

residential area increase state land revenue from the land taxcollection and at same time promotes state tourism industry

Hotels and Water Theme Park Resort Homes

Water Chalets

Water cruises



I iti l t DID & W t W k D t t d th j t d th



DID, KERIAN



Initial stage – DID & Water Works Department- opposed on the project- concerned on the

environmental effect. State Government persistent to go ahead with the approval – DID and Water Works Department to set conditions

Initial condition - no development within 100m buffer from the watershed @RL+28.5ft

to safe guard the riparian zones and filter layer

Levels of development must be above RL+35ft to cater future storage.

MK Land rejected the proposals and threatened to withdraw the projects

State government overuled DIDs’ conditions and gave greenlight to MK Land

to proceed





DID, KERIAN



No buffer of development allowed by MK Land for upgrading purposes and some

of the levels of development are below RL+35ft which imposed constraint for

future upgrading of the Bukit Merah Lake level.





DID, KERIAN



RL+28.5ft4 ft

Water Chalets soffit level are below RL +35ft- will cause

constraint for future upgrading Bukit Merah Lake level


5.0 Major Lake Basin Governance Issues



DID, KERIAN



5.1.1 Current Lake Bas in Management Ins t i t u t ionTwo separate and independent district managements – Kerian District

& Larut Matang District - no joint committee currently to discuss mutual

interest in lake basin management issues

Land matters – can be under jurisdiction of Land Office

or Forestry Department to enforce

Legally - both can alienate lands without consulting technical department

- can also approve any development project– state interest

Other main development agencies involved – RISDA – Rubber Industry Smallholders Development Authority-Rubber

FELCRA – Federal Land Consolidation And Rehabilitation Authority – P.Oil

DID has no authorities on the lake/ & the basin but given responsibilities

for lake/river maintenance and operation

5.1 Institution







DID, KERIAN



1.0 Settlement hierarchy2.0 Urban concentration development area3.0 Controlled development area – concerned on the environmental impact

4.0 Conservation and sustainable areas

5.0 Main transportation and communication system

6.0 Public utility and infrastructure networking

On top of that the development working structure and state land used controlled

development have covered and touched six(6) focus areas till the year 2020 of

Planning strategies.They are:-

5.2 Policies-Cont’d




Rice field = maintained as food security purposes

Controlled Development in Highland Area Above 150m

Forest Reserve Area

Secondary Urban Development Area

Agricultural land inclusive semi settlement area

- Still remains largest area

Final Product of State Govt Planning til 2020

BML

BML Basin Area





DID, KERIAN



5.3 STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION

1.0 JKKK – Village Action And Security Committee – one of most powerful

level of local participation = headed by village head(appointed by the state

highest representative political ruling party and co chaired

with Penghulus or Chieftains, a District Office representative

2.0 RISDA Smallholders Association –responsible for rubber replanting

3.0 FELCRA Smallholders Association – palm oil replanting

4.0 PPK – Local Farmers Organization = Community Based Organization(CBO)

5.0 Persatuan Nelayan – Fishermen Organization – can be refferred to.

Main target groups focus



5 4 K l d d i f i



DID, KERIAN



5.4 Knowledge and information

Knowledge and information on related acts, legislatives and guidelines which can beregulated and related to lake basin management:-1) Irrigation Areas Act 1953(1989)2) Drainage Works Act 1954(1988)3) Third National Agricultural Policy(1998-2010)4) National Land Code 1965 and Waters5) Water Act 1920 (Cap 146)(1989)

6. Local Government Act (1976) Peninsular7. Earthwork Bylaw, Street Drainage And Building Act 1974 (1994)8. Town and Country Planning Act 19769. Environmental Quality Act 1874 (1985)10. Environmental Quality Regulations (Prescribed premises, Sewerage and Industrial

Effluent); Crude Palm Oil (1977), Sewerage And Industrial Effluent (1979) etc11. Environmental Quality Order 1987(Environmental Impact Assessment – Prescribed Activities)12. Land Conservation Act 196013. National Forestry Act 1984 (Forestry Rules 1986)14. Mining Enactment 193615. Fisheries Act 1963(1985)/ Inland Fisheries Act16. MASMA – URBAN STORM MANAGEMENT MANUAL



5 4 K l d d i f ti C t’d



DID, KERIAN



5.4 Knowledge and information –Cont’d

17. Guidelines on processing on application of gas pipelines crossings at rivers,

drains and canals

18. Guidelines on processing on applications and conditions of rivers sand extraction19. Guidelines river corridors development

20. Guidelines on development on river reserves or involving rivers





DID, KERIAN



5.5 Technological Opportunities And Limitations

DID had implemented MASMA – URBAN STORM MANAGEMENT MANUAL

implemented since 2001- approved by Prime Minister’s Cabinet

12% of the lake basin catchment – small urban development – MASMA can be

implemented – environmental friendly drainage design – control at source

5.5.1 MASMA

5.5.2 ESCP – Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan

Also applies under MASMA requirement for urban development.

5.5.3 Sand Mining Guidelines

Present guideline – under DID revision – USM’s River Engineering Division – carrying studies – choose Kurau River as one of the case studies.

Limitations – can’t be applied to private land on land clearing for

replanting – not even any under DOEs legislations.


5 6 Sustainable Finance




DID, KERIAN



5.6 Sustainable Finance

Main revenue collected – land tax and Quit Rents - local town council area –

Pondok Tanjung Town & Batu Kurau Town. BMLTR – supposed to be the higest

land tax and quit rent payer to state in the region.

Sand mining dockets- increase collection as more sand can be extracted

No specific funding to lake basin management

Sust a inable Col lec t ion/Ret urn to St at e

Sust a inable Developm ent Grant

Rubber plantation- smallholder – land converted to rubber – able to get replanting grant

from RISDA – RM2500/acre -

Palm Oil replanting – land converted to palm oil – FELCRA – assist loan financing – Deduction in stages – small sum - in yearly dividends to the smallholders.

BM Lake basin area- covers > 40% by rubber and palm oil –projected by 2020


6.0 Key Lake Basin Governance Challenges



DID, KERIAN



6.1 Developing Organization For Action

Forming Committees to develop organization for actions

1. District Action Committee – main district committee

2. One Stop Centre Committee

3. Zero Target Squatters Committee4. Poverty Eradication Committee5. Double Electrified Tracking Train Project Committee

6. Hardcore Poor Housing Programmes Committee

7. Focus Group Committee

8. State River Committee

9. Bukit Merah Development Committee





DID, KERIAN



6.1 Developing Organization For Action – Cont’d

6.1.1 District Action Committee – highest level of committee meeting at a district

level recognized by the state authority – attended by head department of districtGovernment department and chaired by the District Officer acting as liaison officer

= meet once a month

6.1.2 One Stop Center Committee – each district has its own OSC Committee –

processing all development applications submitted by private developer todevelop an agricultural land to be converted to building purposes = MASMA

applies here.- only relevant technical department attending this OSC meetings –

DID, PWD, Fire and Rescue Department, Water Works, Town and Rural Planning

Department, Department of Environment. This committee was formed under theMinistry Of Housing and Local Government





DID, KERIAN



6.1 Developing Organization For Action – Cont’d

6.1.3 Double Electrified Track Train Project Committee = monitor the project

progress and assists the consortium to avoid delays and negative impact to the

environment by giving comments and suggestions to the consortium

6.1.4 Poverty Eradication Committee, Hardcore Poor Housing Committee,Zero Squatters Committee and Focus Group Committee –

Focus on development of poor disadvantaged group of people living in the district

as well as in the lake basin by resettlement programmes and other means of

proposals. Changed the lively hood of the people living near the lake or rivers

especially those living in squatters areas.Housing programmes for these disadvantaged group need to be address proper

since limitation on the funding available – won’t compromise - environmental

minimum guidelines.





DID KERIAN



6.2 Identifying Effective Actions

State Level – State River Committee has been formed – for a start

Chaired by an Executive State Councilor – politically appt

Committee – DID as secretariat

Members - DOE, Forestry Department, Land And Mining Department,Geoscience and Mineral Department

For a start to monitor and produce guidelines to river corridor development inline

with the state policies. To liaison powers and jurisdiction among enforcement

technical agencies on the authority and distribution of work task in river / lake basinmanagement. e.g – Rivers in Forest Reserve – jurisdiction of rivers and catchment

in the Forest Reserve under the forestry department, but they don’t have the

enough allocations and technical input for river improvement works.

Purpose :





DID KERIAN



6.2 Identifying Effective Actions – Cont’d

State issued guidelines – district levels to form River Sand Extraction Permit Committee

Purpose – to process river sand permit by a committee – no longer by an individual

Land Office Officer – avoid misuse of powers and jurisdiction among the approvingofficers- promote transparency among the agencies and public knowledge based

To promote the implementation of MASMA and ESCP technology in urban developmen

project..

A task force on Ops Lumpur or Anti Siltation Flash Floods Ops – papers

drafted by this committee to present in the State Govt EXCO Meeting-highest level

of state approval authority – final draft preparation





6.2 Identifying Effective Actions – Cont’d

DID, KERIAN


Bukit Merah Development Committee: formed by state – govt serious to developby pr iva te ent erpr ise funding

Chairperson: St at e Sec ret ary

Secre t ar ia te : UPEN – St a te Plann ing Economy Uni t

Mem bers : St at e DID represent at ive

Dis t r ic t and Land Of f ice representa t ive

Loca l Tow n Counci l

St a te Urban and Tow n Plann ing representa t ive

BMLTR – big investment project- US 1 billion – 20 years – agreement -

areas to be developed – 1670 acres – converted to tourism, industry and residential





DID KERIAN



6.3 Involving People And Stakeholders

Minutes of Village Security Action Committee meetings to be circulated to relevant

Govt departments as references.- over 70 villages- not possible to attend all

Penghulus or the chieftains may bring matters pertaining complaints and grouses

from these VSAC to the DAC meetings if necessary

Govt officer may attend the VSAC if being invited to clarify certain issues or to

inform new procedures or regulations to be implemented in the basin which mayinvolve them directly or indirectly.

Related govt officials – can attend or invite – RISDA or FELCRA smallholders or the

officers concerned to discuss the concerned environmental issues which relate to

their actions if necessary – esp focus on replanting issues



6 4 Informing the process Scientific Info



DID KERIAN



6.4 Informing the process – Scientific Info

University Science Of Malaysia Research Officers – assisted by DID’s personals-gathering some scientific data of the BML

– evaporation, chemicals, water balance studies – able to improve operation pros

DID had carried out Bythemetric survey – 1968, 1984 & 1998 – USM’s assisted on analysis of comparison made

– siltation status – 10%-15% of the lake’s total volume

-watershed area – before DID quoted – 48km2 –actually only 33km2

- vegetation cover analysis – 40%-45% of the watershed area.

Able to plan for future improvement of the storage capacity – knowing present

limitation and capacity – able to improve present operation prosedures



6.4 Informing the process – Scientific Info –Cont’d



Health Department carry out sample test on water quality ofthe lake periodically – to advice – WTP operators onchlorine treatment

DID, KERIAN






DID KERIAN


SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22 23 FEB 2010

6.5 Responding With Technology

MASMA/ESCP – not widely accepted – govt projects but widely applied to privates.

Resettlement housing programmes for the hardcore poor- poor respond to MASMA

Due to limitation of area of development and funding – lake basin – upper catchment -

Sand mining guidelines – violations to the guidelines – sand operators

Lack of enforcement will – conducted by different agencies – not DID –

Sand operators – prominent figures – royal/political influence

Violation - improper practiced of using machinery in sand extraction

- distance of stock pilling from the river bank

- submission of repairing deposits





DID, KERIANNATIONAL SEMINAR ON MANAGING LAKE S AND THEIR BASIN FOR SUSTAINABLE USE:CURRENT STATUS OF

SELECTED LAKES IN MALAYSIA 22 23 FEB 2010

6.6 Mobilizing Sustainable Financing

As for the Pulau Orangutan development and maintenance program – financed

By Yayasan MK LAND

BMLTR development – once completed should generate revenue to state at least

RM6m/year = USD 2m/year

Unfortunately after 15 years since launched only 20% of the alienated area –developedoverdue tax collection =RM 6m.



6.6 Mobilizing Sustainable Financing – Cont’d



DID, KERIAN


g g

Maybe then a collaborative and sustainable financing resources can be established in

order to sustain and conserve the lake basin environmental resources for the better future

Replanting Sustainable Control FinancingReplanting agencies – RISDA & Felcra – both responsible financing – replanting

smallholders development – received Govt grant for implementation

Need a better & effective collaboration amongst these implementation agencies-

to be more sensitive towards environmental issues- esp involves 2 districts with

separate management



THANK YOUTHANK YOUFor Your Attention

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