1 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Service-Oriented
Architecture
2. Business
Architecture
Winter Semester 2009/2010
Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm
Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences
Department of Computer Science
2 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
The lecture in the context of the entire course
1. Introduction
2. Business architecture
3. Designing domains
4. Designing components
5. Designing interfaces and operations
6. Excursus: business information systems
7. Loose coupling
8. Web Services
9. Service orchestration - BPEL
10. Integration Platforms
11.Evolution of application landscapes
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Enterprise architecture framework
Agenda
4 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (1/6):Separating Business from IT
The diagrams presented („Quasar Enterprise roadmap“) are based on Capgemini‘s Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF)
5 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (2/6):Separating requirements from implementation
6 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (3/6):Separating information systems from technical infrastructure
7 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (4/6):Separating levels of granularity
8 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (5/6):Considering evolution over time
AS IS
TO BE
IDEAL
9 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
The task of an enterprise architect is similar to the one of a settler
Explore resources
Plan / Build
Evolve
Source: Ubisoft „Die Siedler“
10 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Enterprise architecture framework (6/6):Methodologies for developing application landscapes
AS IS
TO BE
IDEAL
Technical
Reference Architecture
Integration
11 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business architecture in the context of theenterprise architecture framework
AS IS
TO BE
IDEAL
Technical
Reference Architecture
Integration
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Business goals
Agenda
13 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business goals of Christopher Columbus Travel (CCT)
14 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Definition business goal
A business goal describes a fundamental contribution
towards the intended business purpose of an
enterprise.All business goals together define what an enterprise
has to udertake in order to fulfil its intended businesspurpose.
All activities undertaken within an enterprise mustfollow at least one business goal.
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Business dimensions
Agenda
16 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business dimensions of Christopher Columbus Travel (CCT)
- Package tour
- Custom tour
- Travel agency
- Internet
- Call Center
e.g.,
- own hotels
- purchase in advance
- purchase on demand
- …
- ...
- Premium brand
- Budget brand
Customers / Markets
Products
Customer
Channels
Length of
Value Chain
. . .
17 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Definition business dimension
Business dimensions define the characteristic
properties of an enterprise‘s business. Their values
reflect the business goals of an enterprise.
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Business services
Agenda
19 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Services in a travel agency
Inform
ation and
sales
custom to
urs
20 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business services of Christopher Columbus Travel (CCT)
Level 1
Level 2
21 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Definition business service
A business service is a unit of business behaviour. It
defines an achievement of a service provider towardsa service consumer. The service provider is a unit of
an enterprise. The service consumer is a customer ora partner company or another unit within the same
enterprise.
A business service is based on a contract. It defines the in- and out-going information and
goods. It also describes the set of actions that are to be performed. Furthermore, relevant constraints are
defined.
22 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business
Identify top-level
business services
Identify service
actions
Specify
business services
Refine
business services
IT
Business
services
Modelling
business services
A method for modelling business services
Straight forward since top-level business services are generic, e.g.,
plan, purchase, produce, sell, service
The actions of a service are the candidates for the next finer-grained
business services
Refine if:(a) There are multiple service
providers(b) The service supports multiple
business goals
Specify contract
23 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business services hierarchy of Christopher Columbus Travel (CCT)
24 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Service specification
1. Compute prices of individual travel
components
2. Compute reductions
3. Sum up
Process
Internal view
Response time < 1 sNon-functional
requirements
Total price for custom tour in EUR.
Reductions have benn regarded.
Result /
Business objects
produced /
Post-conditions
One action compute onlyActions /
Service protocol
Price request by customer.
Custom tour has already been composed.
Plausibility and availability have been checked.
Triggering Event /
Business objects
consumed /
Pre-conditions
CustomerService consumer
External view
Compute priceName
25 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business services and business processes
uses
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Business objects
Agenda
27 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Level 1 business objects of Christopher Columbus Travel
Level 1
28 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Definition business object
A business object represents a real object in thebusiness of an enterprise.
They can be tangible (e.g., an order form)
or intangible (e.g., the order memorized by the waiterin a resturant)
29 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Business services consume and produce business objects
Compose travel
Transact payment
Book travel
Product
Customer
InvoiceOrder (status booked)
Order (status offered)
Order (status booked)
ResourceOrder (status offered)
Business objects
consumed
Business objects
produced
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature
� Summary
Agenda
31 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Meta modelbusiness architecture
Architectual
guideline
Requirement
Business goal
derived from
details
derived from
Business serviceElementary
business service
Business objectRole
Business process
Organizational unitinfluences design of
refines
realized
by
influences
design of
assigned
to
consumes Performed by
exactly one
interacts
withrefines
aims at
aims at
exactly one
on finest level of granularity
Conceptual
(What?)
Logical
(How?)
Contextual
(Why?)
on finest level
of granularity
produces
Business
dimension
reflects
Information object
Elementary activity
describes
Activity
has
uses
32 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Method overview: business archi-tecture
CKRKunde
Individualreise
zusammenstellen
Individualreise
buchen
Individualreise
bezahlen
Individualreise
durchführen
Vertrag- Reisedokumente werden
erst nach erfolgter Anzahlung versandt
- Reiserücktritt nur bis 30
Tage nach Buchung möglich.- Bei Reiserücktritt fallen
Gebühren an.
Vertrag- Bei Rücklastschrift wegen
Kontounterdeckung fallen
Gebühren an.
Vertrag
- Keine Haftung für Transfer
vor Ort.
Vertrag
- Kunde erklärt
Einverständnis zur Speicherung seines
Suchverhaltens im Online-
Katalog.
Identifying and refining
business services
Enterprise architecture framework
Business goals
Business dimensions
Business services
Business objects
Summary
Literature� Literature
Agenda
34 Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, WS 09/10. 21.10.2009
Literature
� Gregor Engels, Andreas Hess, Bernhard Humm, Oliver Juwig,
Marc Lohmann, Jan-Peter Richter, Markus Voß, Johannes
Willkomm: Quasar Enterprise – Anwendungslandschaften
serviceorientiert gestalten. dpunkt-Verlag 2008.
Chapter 4: Geschäftsarchitektur
� Bernhard Humm: Was ist eigentlich ein Service? GI-Workshop
Software Architektur 2008. Softwaretechnik-Trends Band 28, Heft
4, S. 8-11. Gesellschaft für Informatik, Nov. 2008.
