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02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is...

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© 2015 ETAP & Operation Technology, Inc. Contingency Analysis ETAP 14 Innovation Automation Collaboration
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Page 1: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Contingency AnalysisETAP 14

Innovation AutomationCollaboration

Page 2: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Agenda

• Introduction• Concepts• ETAP Contingency Analysis (CA)• Examples

Page 3: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Who

• Industries• Systems

• Three phase• AC Systems

Page 4: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Introduction

• Power systems are operated such that they maintain system security

• There should not be any “reliability” violations in real‐time or likely contingencies:• Equipment failure• Loss of generating unit• Load shedding• Loss of transmission or sub‐transmission component

• Power system planning & operation requires study of outages & its severity

Page 5: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Contingency Types

• Probabilistic – Reliability Assessment Module• Statistical – Contingency Analysis Module

Page 6: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Contingency Analysis

• Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network

• Planning, Engineers• Evaluate feasibility and security based on the ability of the network to resist failures

• Operations, Dispatcher• Evaluate new system conditions at regular intervals

• Provides an automatic way of analyzing all statistically likely contingencies

Page 7: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Methodology

• Disable a particular part (branch) and evaluate network stability using power flow

• Post‐contingency criteria• No transmission line/transformer limit violations• Bus voltages within acceptable limits 

• Engineers can rank the system to prioritize planning & improvements

Page 8: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Key Definitions & Criteria

• Number of branches disabled determines the (N‐x) contingency analysis

• N‐1 Contingency = Loss of single device • N‐2 Contingency = Loss of two devices simultaneously

Page 9: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Performance or Security Index

• Outage ranking against Base Case or Equipment Rating

• Index indicates severity of the outage• Number without units hence can be combined

Page 10: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Why ETAP

• N‐1 & N‐2 contingency ranking and assessment• Fast screening method 

• Scan outage list • Identify higher risk contingencies for further evaluation

• Multiple graphical outage lists

Page 11: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Why ETAP

• Automatic performance indices calculation• Bus Voltage Security V/Vsp• Real Power Flow Change  ΔP• Reactive Power Flow Change    ΔQ• Branch Overloading Security S/Ssp

Page 12: 02 - Contingency Analysis - ETAP · 2020-03-31 · Contingency Analysis •Contingency Analysis is an important tool for design and operation of a power network •Planning, Engineers

© 2015 ETAP &  Operation Technology, Inc. 

Time Saving Features

• Summary report analyzer• Complete load flow• Interrupted generation power loss• Interrupted customer power loss• Interrupted number of customers• Interrupted power lost cost

• Compare base load flow with contingency load flow


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