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First-Year Engineering Program

Engineering H191

Engineering Fundamentals and Laboratory I

Week 01 Day 01

Graphics: The Language of Design

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Objectives

Understanding graphics as a communication tool

Technical sketching

Projections

Orthographic Pictorial

Sketching hints

Lettering

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How Would You Describe This?

In teams of two, describe using only words

How effective is this approach?

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Freehand sketches

Instrument drawings

Computer drawings and models

Three Basic Types of Technical Drawings

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Introduction to Projections

Present 3-D objects with 2-D media

Two Basic Categories

Orthographic Pictorial

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Projections: Four Basic Types

OrthographicProjections

Axonometric

Oblique Perspective

Pictorials

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Orthographic Projections

Collection of 2D drawings

Accurately represent object

Technical Graphics - Chapter 3

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Orthographic Projection

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Defining the Six

Principal Viewsor

Orthographic Views

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Which Views to Present?

General Guidelines

Pick a Front View that is most descriptive ofobject

Normally the longest dimension is chosen asthe width (or depth)

Most common combination of views is to use:Front, Top, and Side View

Views other than the Principal Views are calledAuxiliary Views (see 3.15 in the TechnicalGraphics text)

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Conventional Orthographic Views

Height

Depth

Width

Front View

Top View

RightSide

View

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Hidden Lines represent features that cannotbe seen in the current view

Centerlines represent symmetry and mark the

center of circles, the axes of cylinders, and theaxes of symmetrical parts, such as bolts

Hidden and Center Lines in Orthographic

Projections

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For Example:

1. Visible

2. Hidden

3. Center

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Front View

Right SideView

Top View

Creating the Orthographic Projection Sketch

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Step 1 Lightly Block Three Views

Use verylight lines

for drawingin theconstruction

lines

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Step 2 Lightly Block Major Features

Use very light

lines fordrawing in theconstruction

lines

Holes

Arcs Cutouts

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Step 3 Refine and Locate Features

in All Views

Use verylight lines fordrawing in

theconstruction

lines

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Step 4 Add Final Lines

Use verylight lines fordrawing in

theconstruction

lines

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Completed Sketch

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Add Another View

Sketch the left side view of the object

Compare your view with the others at your table

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Add Another View

Does yours look something like this?

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Lettering Notes

Lettering Guidelines Technical Graphics:Chapter 1

Lettering Styles

Shape of Letters

Order of drawing lines

Character Uniformity

Spacing

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Lettering

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Sketching Tips: General

Relax and draw in a direction comfortable to you

Mark end points of the lines to be sketched anddraw between them

Draw long lines as a series of short ones

Use grid paper when available

Follow sketching and text conventions

Do NOT use a straight edge to draw lines!

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Sketching Tips: Construction Lines

Use construction lines

Begin by drawing bounding boxes withconstruction lines

Make construction lines much lighter and thinnerthan finished lines

Identify the major features and overalldimensions

Leave construction lines on the sketch

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Sketching Tips: Miscellaneous

Do not shade the drawing this is not pencilsketching

Title information is required

Keep views aligned (very important)

Include centerlines on isometrics

Avoid labels on the sketch

Draw neat circles change page orientation ifneeded

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Today's Assignment

Drawing 1:

Blocks of each kind will be handed out at eachtable to sketch from.

Drawing 2:

Lettering assignment handed out in class.

An additional copy will be in your course packetfrom CopEZ