Overview of Rel-6 and Rel-7 FeaturesDhruv Khanna, Sales Director-Radio, Nokia Siemens Networks
www.3gamericas.org
Operator Radio Access Challenges and Opportunities
• Need for enhanced CAPEX & OPEX efficiency in networks– ARPU stable/declining, while traffic increasing exponentially– Network becoming more complex
• GSM and UMTS will co-exist for some time – Modernization and basic GSM build-out is still on a growth curve– GSM will be needed for coverage, roaming, and terminal population reasons
for several years – Cheaper coverage and indoor propagation bringing UMTS to 850MHz band in
Americas, and 900MHz in Europe and Asia– GSM and UMTS will continue to grow in 1900 MHz spectrum in the Americas
• Growth will come from data – Requires efficient broadband wireless service network
• With adequate capacity and speeds for today• Also having an evolution path for the future
“Typical”speeds
GPRS speeds EDGE speeds UMTS speeds HSDPA speeds
•DATA CONNECT•CORPORATE APPLICATION ACCESS
•TEXT EMAIL•TEXT MESSANG •IM
•VIDEO PHONE, PUSH-TO-VIDEO•DIGITAL TV, RADIO•VIDEO, MUSIC ON DEMAND•INTERACTIVE GAMES
•WORKGROUP COLLABORATION•VERTICAL-SPECIFIC DEVICES ( X-RAY VIEWER)•HOME/BUSINESS SECURITY VIDEO MONITORING•WIRELESS MP3 PLAYER/MEDIA DEVICE
•HIGHER-END GAMES•MUSIC AND MUSIC VIDEOS•MEGAPIXEL CAMERA MMS•NEWS AND SPORTS VIDEO CLIPS•VIDEO MESSAGES•VIDEO RINGTONES
•DSL/CABLE COMPLIMENT
•BASIC MMS•HTML BROWSING•LOCATION-BASED SERVICES
•RINGTONES•SIMPLE GAMES•WAP BROWSING
400-700kbps
200-300kbps
70-135kbps
35kbps
Roadmap of GSM Evolution
How do data rates compare?
Assumption: Typical data rates - UMTS 384 kbps, HSDPA 2 Mbps
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
54.9 sec (81%)
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
54.9 sec (81%)sec60 120 180 300240 sec
GPRS CS 3/4EDGE MCS9UMTSHSDPA
3 MBytes125 sec
343 sec
67.2 sec12.3 sec
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
2 sec (62%)
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
2 sec (62%)4 sec
16 sec
8 12 16 sec
7 sec3.2 sec
1.2 sec
125 KBytes
GPRS CS 3/4EDGE MCS9UMTSHSDPA
20 KBytes
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
0.3 sec (33%)
UMTS - HSDPA Saving:
0.3 sec (33%)sec1 2 3 4 sec
GPRS CS 3/4EDGE MCS9UMTSHSDPA
4 sec
0.6 sec
3 sec0.9 sec
Application Data Size
Broadband Wireless Technology Evolution
CDMAEVDO Rev A
Rev B EV-DO (UMB)
WCDMA
GSM, EDGE
WiMAX-802.16d (Fixed)
WiMAX-802.16e (Mobile)
EDGE Evolution
HSPA HSPA+
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
TD-SCDMA
LTE
850 /1900 MHz
2.3/2.5GHz
0.7 /1.7 / 2.1
GHz
US spectrum
Spectrum drives choice of broadband technology
HSPA (3GPP R6)
HSPA+ (3GPP R7)
LTE (3GPP R8) WiMAX
Node-B
RNC
SGSN
GGSN
Node-B with RNC functions
GGSN
eNode-B
SAE GW ASN GW
Base station
• A single network element for user plane in radio and core network • Same architecture in HSPA+, LTE and in WiMAX
Ciphering and IP header compression
By- pass for user plane
RNC functionsinto NB
Architecture evolution
3GPP Evolution (Release 5 – Release 8)
HSPA R6HSPA R6 HSPA R7HSPA R7
• HSUPA 5.76 Mbps• MBMS
• Enhanced FACH• Continuous packet
connectivity• L2 optimization• Flat architecture• MIMO • Higher order
modulation• VoIP capacity• MBMS evolution• Evolved EDGE
HSPA R5HSPA R5
• HSDPA 14 Mbps
HSPA evolution
3GPP R83GPP R8
Long term evolution (LTE) +Further HSPA evolution
Basic HSDPA+HSUPA
• LTE: New PS only radio• Further HSPA evolution:• Uplink L2 optimization• Enhanced RACH• HSPA and I-HSPA
carrier sharing
HSPA Deployment Schedule
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Commercial
3GPP schedule
3GPP R6
3GPP R8
3GPP R7
3GPP R5
3GPP R6
3GPP R7
3GPP R8
20032002
3GPP R5
• HSUPA commercial 2007• HSPA evolution commercial 2009
HSPA pushes functionalities to base station
HSDPA
HSUPA
Mobile Base stationRadio network controller RNC
Release 99 HSPA
Retransmission delay >100 ms 12 ms
Scheduling delay >1000 ms 2 ms
HSPA scheduling and retransmission control in base station
WCDMA R99 scheduling and retransmission control in RNC
WCDMA Release 99 uplink/downlink
HSDPA uses fast feedback from mobile
• Terminal sends fast L1 feedback to Node-B– Channel Quality Info (CQI) – Transmission period typically every 4 ms
• CQI is used by HSDPA packet scheduling– Link adaptation– Multiuser scheduling decisions
L1 Feedback (CQI)
Data
TTI 1 TTI 2 TTI 3 TTI 4
User 1 CQI
User 2 CQI
Scheduled userProportional fair scheduling principle : allocate resources to the best user leading to multi-user diversity gain
HSDPA vs HSUPA Concepts
HSDPAHSDPA HSUPAHSUPA
ModulationModulation QPSK and 16-QAMQPSK and 16-QAM BPSK and Dual-BPSK
BPSK and Dual-BPSK
Soft handoverSoft handover NoNo YesYes
HSUPA is like “reversed HSDPA”, except
Fast power control
Fast power control NoNo YesYes
SchedulingScheduling Point tomultipointPoint to
multipointMultipoint to point
Multipoint to point
Non-scheduled transmission
Non-scheduled transmission NoNo Yes, for minimum/
guaranteed bit rateYes, for minimum/guaranteed bit rate
Required for near-far avoidance
Efficient UE power amplifier
Scheduling cannot be as fast as in HSDPA
Similar to R99 DCH but with HARQ
HSUPA could be better described as Enhanced DCH in the uplink than “reversed HSDPA”
Adaptive modulation and coding
QPSK 2 bits/symbol
16QAM 4 bits/symbol
64QAM 6 bits/symbol
Rel. 5/6 HSPA ModulationDowlink - QPSK & 16QAM
Uplink – QPSKChannel bit rate of 960 kbps (SF 16)
Release 99: QPSKChannel bit rate of 480 kbps (SF 16)
Rel. 7 HSPA modulationDowlink - QPSK, 16QAM & 64QAM
Uplink - QPSK & 16QAM
Use of higher order modulation and high-rate error-correction coding for good radio channel conditions
⇒ Improved user data rate, higher overall throughput
HSPA UE categories
• Theoretical peak downlink bit rate up to 14 Mbps
• Initially 1.8 Mbps and 3.6 Mbps capabilities with 5 codes
109
7/85/63/41/21211
-
-
-
3.6 Mbps
1.8 Mbps
1.2 Mbps
1.8 Mbps
0.9 Mbps --36302QPSK only
--36301QPSK only
QPSK/16QAM
QPSK/16QAM
QPSK/16QAM
QPSK/16QAM
QPSK/16QAM
QPSK/16QAM
14.0 Mbps10.1 Mbps
----
-279521-202511
7.2 Mbps144111-72981-72982-72983
HSDPACategory 5 CodesModulation 15 Codes10 CodesTransport
Block sizeInter-TTI
HSUPACategory
Data rate with 10 msCodes Data rate
with 2 ms
1 0.73 Mbps -1 x SF4
432
2 Mbps1.46 Mbps1.46 Mbps
2 x SF22 x SF42 x SF4
2.9 Mbps-
1.46 Mbps
65
2 Mbps2 Mbps
2 x SF4 + SF22 x SF2
5.76 Mbps-
HSPA Peak Data Rate Evolution
• HSPA downlink data rate increases with 2x2 MIMO and 64QAM up to 42 Mbps and uplink data rate with 16QAM up to 11 Mbps
• LTE further increases the data rate beyond 100 Mbps with largerbandwidth of 20 MHz
14 Mbps
0.4 Mbps
14 Mbps
5.7 Mbps
28 Mbps1
11 Mbps
LTE: 170 MbpsHSPA: 42 Mbps2
LTE: 50 Mbps
Downlink peak rate
Uplink peak rate
3GPP R5 3GPP R6 3GPP R71 3GPP R8
1With 2x2 MIMO and 16QAM2With 2x2 MIMO and 64QAM likely for R8
Continuous Packet Connectivity in 3GPP R7• Continuous packet connectivity includes
1. Uplink discontinuous transmission2. Downlink discontinuous reception3. HS-SCCH less HSDPA for VoIP
• Continuous packet connectivity gives– Low mobile power consumption for packet applications– Higher capacity due to less interference transmitted
DPCCHHS-DSCH
DPCCHHS-DSCH
Web page download
User reading web page
User moved to FACH/PCH
Connection goes immediately to gating mode to save mobile power when
data transfer is over
HSPA R6
HSPA R7
Continuous Packet Connectivity for VoIP
• Continuous packet connectivity improves also the capacity of low data rate services, like VoIP
• Data can be transmitted in short bursts and discontinuous operation can be utilized between the bursts
HSPA with continuous packet connectivity
DPCCHDPDCHWCDMA R99 CS voice
No transmission ⇒ lesspower consumption and
less interference
20 ms
VoIP spectural efficiency with 3GPP HSPA Release 7
• HSPA R7 VoIP can provide up to 2x greater voice capacity than CS voice with 1-rx UE • HSPA R7 VoIP with 2x more antennas can provide up to 3x higher voice capacity than
CS voice
2x
Similar end-to-end delay assumed in all cases
3x
AMR12.2 kbps
020
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Use
rspe
r cel
l
CS voice(1-rx UE, 2- rx BTS)
HSPA VoIP (1-rx UE, 2-rx BTS)
HSPA VoIP (2-rx UE, 4-rx BTS)
Summary
• HSDPA offers the highest peak data rates of any widely available wide area wireless technology, with peak user-achievable rates of over 1Mbps
• HSDPA today has the lowest latency of any widely available wide-area wireless technology
• HSUPA will increase uplink speeds
• HSPA+ will have peak network rates of 28 Mbps or higher, and in 5 MHz will match LTE capabilities
• LTE will provide an extremely efficient OFDMA-based platform for future networks
• EDGE/HSPA/LTE is one of the most robust portfolios of mobile broadband technologies and is an optimum framework for realizing the potential of the wireless-data market
Overview of Rel-6 and Rel-7 FeaturesDhruv Khanna, Sales Director-Radio, Nokia Siemens Networks
www.3gamericas.orgThank you!