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VietnamAmerica Into Conflict
Overview of Vietnam 1800s - French Colony 1941 -Japanese Possession 1945 - Independent 1946 - French Colony (War) 1954 – Independent (North and
South) 1956 – Unify in 1956? 1956 – 1975 Civil War (North Wins)
Geneva Accords Provisions Cease Fire
Vietnam temporarily divided along 17th parallel (North and South) with DMZ
General elections scheduled for 1956 to unify the country
U.S. Support? Chinese Support?
French Indochina
Rise of the Vietcong According to treaty, all communists
were supposed to move into North Vietnam
Vietminh dissolves, but Vietnamese Communist Party evolves
Democracy in South
Rise of the Vietcong DRV Leaders told 5-10K soldiers to
stay in South under-cover
This becomes the National Liberation Front
Viet Nam Cong San = Vietnamese Communist
Vietcong VC = Victor Charlie = Charlie
Rise of the Vietcong Vietcong included people from all
walks of life…peasants to doctors
Some began to commit acts of terrorism
Working to unite Vietnam
North Vietnam South Vietnam
Name Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV)
Republic of Vietnam (RVN)
Army North Vietnamese Army (NVA)
Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)
Government Communist Corrupt Democracy
Leader Ho Chi Minh Dinh Diem
Support China, Soviets U.S.
Expectations for Election in 1956
Unify Vietnam under communism
Struggle to maintain control of the South
Activity in other Country
National Liberation Front develops in SouthVietminh = NLF = Vietcong(Late 1950’s)
none
Comparison North to South
Ngo Dinh Diem
Dinh Diem Roman Catholic Official under French
Refused to join Vietnminh in 1945
Spent 2 years in U.S.
Returned to South Vietnam in 1954
Dinh Diem Corruption and brutality
Violently handled Buddhist protests
Resented
Assassinated 1963
No Elections in 1956 Fearing that he would lose elections, Diem,
barred elections in South Vietnam
Late 1950’s – North Vietnam supporting Vietcong efforts in the South
1960 – Ho Chi Minh sends NVA into the South
Mid 1950’s Eisenhower decides to intervene – military advisers (900 by 1960)
American Troops
Advisory role to AVRN
By the time combat troops arrived in 1965, there were 16,000 advisors
Gulf of Tonkin Result?
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave President Johnson the power to take “all necessary measures to repel any attack against forces of the United States.”
What actually happened?
Homework Read Chapter 19 Section 2
Pg 611 – question 3